EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：帕金森病（PD）是一种 在美国不断扩大的老年人口中， 和世界各地。其病因仍然不明，遗传和环境 一些因素被怀疑。拟议研究的长期目标是 在不同的采样是为了澄清PD的病因，并确定手段， 三项独立但相关的研究基于不同的抽样 并提出了测量策略。测试的假设直接来自 从我们目前的工作和初步的发现。病例对照研究将 包括800例从120英里半径范围内转诊到马约诊所的PD病例， 来自5个州的地区和800个对照组， 年龄（+ 2岁）、性别和居住地区。一般控制 将从卫生保健财务管理清单中确定人口 65岁或以上的个案，以及以随机数字拨号方式 低于65岁。将通过直接电话访谈了解暴露情况， 并将包括烟草，咖啡和酒精的使用;寻求新奇的标志 行为;对于女性，绝经后使用雌激素替代疗法 以及其他生殖和雌激素相关因素。第一个历史队列 这项研究将测试单侧和双侧卵巢切除术之间的联系， 绝经前和PD在一个既定的人口为基础的队列。研究 将包括2,533名在1950-1987年期间接受卵巢切除术的妇女， 在奥姆斯特德县，明尼苏达州和2,533名同龄和居住的妇女谁没有 进行卵巢切除术。第二项历史研究将检验这种联系 明尼苏达多相人格量表测量的人格特质 量表（MMPI）和PD在一个既定的研究队列。本研究将 包括1962-1965年期间居住在 明尼苏达拟议的病例对照研究是强有力的，因为它有足够的 统计能力来证实我们对雌激素作用的初步发现 在PD和探索之间的联系物质的使用和新奇寻求 PD的行为。所有与病例和对照组的访谈都将是直接的， 建议的卵巢切除术队列研究是强大的，因为它的队列设计， 基于人口的抽样，其足够的统计能力，因为 预期通过被动和主动战略的后续行动率很高。的 拟议的MMPI队列研究是强大的，因为它的队列设计，其充分 由于我们在跟踪和分析方面的丰富经验， 采访个人。这三项研究将大大有助于 了解PD的原因和可能的预防方法， 通过创新的方法和创新的方法。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common and disabling condition in the expanding elderly population of the US and worldwide. Its etiology remains unknown and both genetic and environmental factors have been suspected. The long-term goal of the proposed studies based in different sampling is to clarify the etiology of PD and to identify means to prevent it. Three independent but related studies based on different sampling and measurement strategies are proposed. The hypotheses tested derive directly from our current work and preliminary findings. A case control study will include 800 cases of PD referred to the Mayo clinic from a 120 mile radius or from a 5 state region and 800 controls free pf PD and parkinsonism matched by age (+ 2 years), sex and region of residence. Controls from the general population will be identified from health care financial administration lists for cases aged 65 years or above and through random digit dialing for cases below 65 years. Exposures will be accessed through direct telephone interview, and will include tobacco, coffee, and alcohol use; markers of novelty seeking behavior; and, for women, use of estrogen replacement therapy after menopause and other reproductive and estrogen related factors. A first historical cohort study will test the association between unilateral and bilateral oophorectomy before menopause and PD in an established population based cohort. The study will include 2,533 women who underwent oophorectomy in 1950-1987 while residing in Olmsted County, MN and 2,533 women of the same age and residence who did not undergo oophorectomy. A second historical study will test the association between personality traits measured by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and PD in an established research cohort. This study will include 8,775 persons who underwent MMPI testing in 1962-1965 while residing in Minnesota. The proposed case-control study is strong because it has adequate statistical power to confirm our preliminary findings on the role of estrogen in PD and to explore the link between substance use and novelty seeking behaviors in PD. All interviews with case and controls will be direct, the proposed oophorectomy cohort study is strong because of its cohort design, its population-based sampling, its adequate statistical power, and because of the expected high rate of follow-up through both passive and active strategies. The proposed MMPI cohort study is strong because of its cohort design, its adequate statistical power and because of our extensive experience with tracing and interviewing individuals. These three studies will contribute greatly to understanding the causes and possible prevention of PD by exploring novel hypotheses and by using innovative methods.