A PILOT STUDY FOR AN ANNELID GENOME PROJECT

描述(改编自《调查员摘要》)：本提案旨在 找出一种适合未来生活的纤毛模型无脊椎动物 基因组测序项目。调查人员将确认一只环节动物来自 在那些有实验室培养历史的人中，使用了许多 标准，如小规模和易于培养，潜在的遗传 操纵，容易观察到胚胎发育，基因组大小小于 10ex9个碱基，以及缓慢进化的基因。一旦选择了环节动物，他们就会 构建成年环节动物的cDNA库，以证明它们的能力 开展未来的环节动物cdna项目，这可能是 环节动物基因组计划。有三个很好的理由去追求一种新的 无脊椎动物模型：(1)约50%的生物多样性 在目前的基因组计划中，没有对无脊椎动物进行采样。它只是一直在 最近发现节肢动物(果蝇)和线虫 (炎)是密切相关的，因此许多双边 没有对动物生物学进行抽样。一个annelid项目将填充 缺少缺口，并对剩余的无脊椎动物多样性进行采样。(2)了解 环节动物的基因序列将有助于鉴定保守程度较低的 人类、果蝇和线虫的同源基因。最近的发现 果蝇和线虫的基因正在快速进化，而环节动物 基因正在缓慢进化，这意味着同源基因之间的相似性得分 人类和苍蝇/线虫的基因往往比人和人之间的基因低 环节动物基因。使用环节动物的cDNA将使人们能够更准确地识别 果蝇和线虫的同源物。(3)因为许多慢性病患者 疾病与纤毛缺陷有关，而且由于果蝇和 线虫都缺乏活动的纤毛，需要一种模式生物 有活动的纤毛(环节动物有活动的纤毛)。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): This proposal is to identify a ciliated model invertebrate that would be suitable for a future genome sequencing project. The investigators will identify an annelid from among a subset of those with a history of laboratory culture using a number of criteria, such as small size and ease of culture, potential for genetic manipulation, easily observable embryonic development, genome size less than 10exp9 bp, and slowly evolving genes. Once an annelid is selected, they will construct a cDNA library from adult annelids to demonstrate their ability to carry out a future annelid cDNA project, which could be the foundation for an annelid genome project. There are three good reasons to pursue a new invertebrate model: (1) Approximately 50 percent of the diversity of invertebrates is not being sampled in current genome projects. It has only been recently been recognized that arthropods (Drosophila) and nematodes (Caenorhabditis) are closely related, and as a result that much bilateral animal biology is not being sampled. An annelid project would fill in the missing gap and sample the remaining invertebrate diversity. (2) Knowledge of annelid gene sequences will facilitate the identification of less conserved orthologs among humans, Drosophila, and Caenorhabditis. The recent findings that Drosophila and Caenorhabditis genes are rapidly evolving, whereas annelid genes are slowly evolving, means that similarity scores between orthologous human and fly/nematode genes tend to be lower than those between human and annelid genes. Use of annelid cDNAs will allow one to more accurately identify Drosophila and Caenorhabditis orthologs. (3) Because many chronic human diseases are related to defective cilia, and since Drosophila and Caenorhabditis both lack motile cilia, there is a need for a model organism having motile cilia (annelids have motile cilia).