SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT OF FUNCTIONAL SITES IN RIBOSOMES

延伸和延伸的核糖体的三维分布 起始因子，大小亚基蛋白，以及特异性 RNA的区域，将被确定。 其他功能性网站，如 肽基转移酶和新生多肽链的出口位点 也将被映射。 亚单位将与针对 针对特定核糖体蛋白、针对因子或针对特定 RNA区域，并通过电子显微镜观察。 三维 将通过比较亚单位的图像（随附 抗体）在不同的方向上。 我们的目标是将 蛋白质合成过程中， 合成. 小亚基负责识别 mRNA的起始位点与起始因子的参与， fmet-tRNA，用于结合氨酰rRNA，用于与大的 亚基，并用于调节信使的翻译保真度 阅读。 大亚基结合氨酰tRNA的受体茎 进入A位点;催化肽基转移，并参与 延伸和易位。 通过将三维的 核糖体蛋白质、因子和RNA区域的分布， 已知的生物化学信息，我们将试图阐明结构 蛋白质合成过程中发生的分子事件的各个方面。 还将进行核糖体结构的比较研究， 涉及原核生物、真核生物和 细胞器核糖体在蛋白质合成中的共同功能。

The three dimensional distributions on the ribosome of elongation and initiation factors, of large and small subunit proteins, and of specific regions of RNA, will be determined. Other functional sites such as the peptidyl transferase and the exit site of the nascent polypeptide chain will also be mapped. Subunits will be reacted with antibodies directed against specific ribosomal proteins, against factors or against specific regions of RNA and observed by electron microscopy. Three dimensional sites will be mapped by comparing images of subunits (with attached antibodies) in different orientations. Our objective will be to relate the three dimensional structure of the tibosome to its function during protein synthesis. The small subunit is responsible for recongnizing the initiation site of mRNA with the participation of initiation factors and fmet-tRNA, for binding aminoacyl rRNAs, for associating with the large subunit, and for regulating the translational fidelity of messenger reading. The large subunit binds the acceptor stem of aminoacyl tRNA's entering the A site; catalyzes peptidyl transfer,and participates in elongation and translocation. By relating the three dimensional distributions of ribosomal proteins, factors and regions of RNA's with known biochemical information, we will attempt to elucidate the structural aspects of the molecular events occurring during protein synthesis. Comparative studies of ribosome structure will also be pursued in order to relate common structural features of prokaryotic, eukaryotic, and organellar ribosomes to common functions in protein synthesis.