Modelling and investigation of the effects of anthropogenic noise on the collective movement of animals

越来越多的证据表明，海洋和陆地动物的健康受到人为噪音（来自各种工业活动，例如石油和天然气工业）的影响，这些噪音会干扰信号处理或动物交流，或直接伤害动物。关于人为噪音的一个主要问题是难以评估其影响，以及估计对动物的行为影响。本研究的目标是使用数学模型，结合分析技术和现有的实验数据，提出关于人为噪音（例如，由石油和天然气工业产生的）对小型，中型或大型动物群体成员之间个体间交流的影响的假设。该项目将开发2d多尺度数学模型，通过声音信号描述动物之间的空间相互作用（该模型将是[2,3]中模型的推广）。为了研究本项目中开发的模型，将使用各种分析和数值技术。对于生物现实主义，模型将使用有关动物运动（例如，速度，转向行为）和动物交流（例如，交流声级，频率）的可用数据进行参数化。最后，这些模型将被用来测试人为噪音对破坏群体交流的影响，以及对个体生存的潜在后果。这个项目不仅会导致新的计算和分析技术的发展，以研究这些数学模型，而且还会增加我们对人为噪音在破坏动物运动和行为的生物机制中的作用的理解，并最终导致更好的缓解方法，以提高种群存活率a.a.a im- hol Chan， D.T. Blumstein, 2011。对野生动物保护和管理的关注、噪音和影响。应用动物行为科学，31,1-7.[j]i.d Couzin， J. Krause， R. james， G.D. Ruxton， N.R. Franks, 2002。动物群体的集体记忆和空间分类。j理论的。生物学报。218,1-11李建军，李建军，李建军，2007，不同动物通讯机制下的空间类群分布，生态学报，34 (4),674 - 679

There is increasing evidence that the wellbeing of marine and terrestrial animalsis affected by the exposure to anthropogenic noise (arising from variousindustrial activities; e.g., the Oil & Gas industry), which interferes with signalprocessing or animal communication, or can directly harm animals [1].A major issue regarding the anthropogenic noise is the difficulty of assessing itsimpact, and estimating behavioural effects on animals.The goal of this research is to use mathematical modelling, combined withanalytical techniques and available experimental data, to propose hypothesesregarding the effect of anthropogenic noise (e.g., generated by the Oil & Gasindustry) on the inter-individual communication between the members of small,medium or large animal aggregations. The project will see the development of2D multiscale mathematical models that describe the spatial interactionsbetween animals via sound signals (the models will be generalizations of modelsin [2,3]). To investigate the models developed in this project, various analyticaland numerical techniques will be used. For biological realism, the models will beparametrised with available data regarding animal movement (e.g., speed,turning behaviours) and animal communication (e.g., communication soundlevels, frequency). Finally, the models will be used to test the effect ofanthropogenic noise on disrupting group-level communication, and the potentialconsequences regarding the survival of individuals.This project will not only lead to the development of new computational andanalytical techniques to investigate these mathematical models, but will alsoincrease our understanding of the role of man-made noise on the biologicalmechanisms that disrupt animal movements and behaviour, and eventually leadto better mitigation methods to increase population survival.[1] A.A. Yim-Hol Chan, D.T. Blumstein, 2011. Attention, noise, and implications forwildlife conservation and management. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 131,1-7.[2] I.D. Couzin, J. Krause, R. Jamesm G.D. Ruxton, N.R. Franks, 2002. Collectivememory and spatial sorting in animal groups. J. Theor. Biol. 218, 1-11.[3] R. Eftimie, G. de Vries, M.A. Lewis, 2007, Complex spatial group patterns resultfrom different animal communication mechanisms, PNAS, 104(17), 6974-6979