Grape Britain: exploring the future of the English and Welsh Wine Industry

战略领域：业务研究项目总结：葡萄酒产业是英国发展最快的农业部门之一，自2000年以来，葡萄种植面积翻了两番，仅今年就种植了300多万株葡萄树。由于商业英国葡萄酒行业仍处于形成时期，有很多研究要进行，以更好地了解该行业。特别是，葡萄栽培对英国景观的影响尚不清楚，气候变化将如何继续影响该行业，以及我们如何选择引导它。气候变化被广泛认为是导致葡萄酒质量和葡萄酒产区适宜性变化的一个因素。现有地区现在已经达到了场地适宜性的上限，如法国的香槟，而其他地区的适宜性正在继续提高，如英格兰南部。监测天气模式和极端天气事件对于尝试和管理葡萄园以获得最佳年份产量至关重要。这对于塑造英格兰和威尔士葡萄酒行业的未来，以及根据风土条件在指定区域内确定最佳地点，以及根据产量、质量和需求选择最佳葡萄品种尤为重要。这个项目的主要目的是为英格兰和威尔士设计一个风土地图模型。风土是指葡萄酒在其生长的地区是独一无二的，这是由众多因素驱动的，包括地质、土壤、景观、气候、天气、葡萄品种，以及文化方面，如一个地区的历史和酿酒师的知识。欧洲许多葡萄酒的名称控制系统在很大程度上是由风土定义一个地区的概念驱动的。英格兰和威尔士目前几乎没有保护葡萄种植者、葡萄酒生产商和消费者的立法。特别是在政治和立法不安全的情况下，需要定义制度和确定不同的区域，以保护各种利益攸关方，这些区域迄今为止被任意划分为县和行政区域。此外，明确的地区风土可能有助于促进某些风格，葡萄酒和生产商，这对整个英格兰和威尔士葡萄酒旅游的发展也是必不可少的。该项目旨在解决我们对英格兰和威尔士葡萄酒行业的理解中的基本知识差距。从这项研究产生的信息将有很大的影响，在帮助建议在塑造英国和威尔士葡萄酒行业的未来，旨在影响各种各样的利益相关者从立法者到生产者以及消费者。

Strategic theme: Living with Climate Change Strategic area: Operational ResearchProject summary: The wine industry is one of the United Kingdom's most rapidly expanding agricultural sectors, with total hectarage planted quadrupling since 2000, and over 3 million vines planted this year alone. As the commercial UK wine industry is still in its formative years, there is much research to be undertaken to better understand the sector. In particular, the impact of viticulture on the British landscape is as yet unknown, as well as how climate change will continue to influence the industry, in addition to how we choose the steer it. Climate change is widely acknowledged as a factor driving changes in both vintage quality and suitability of areas for wine production. Existing areas are now reaching the upper thresholds for site suitability, such as Champagne in France, whilst other areas are now continuing to increase in suitability, such as the south of England. Monitoring weather patterns and extreme weather events is vital in order try and manage vineyards for optimal vintage production. This is particularly relevant for shaping the future of the English and Welsh wine industries, and identification of optimal sites, within designated regions based on terroir, and selection of optimal grape cultivars for yield, quality and demand. The primary aim of this project is to design a model terroir map for England and Wales. Terroir is the notion that wines are unique to the area in which they are grown, and that this is driven by a plethora of factors, including geology, soil, landscape, climate, weather, grape variety, as well as cultural aspects such as history of a region and winemaker knowledge. Appellation control systems for many wines in Europe are largely driven by the concept of terroir defining an area. England and Wales currently has little legislation that protects grape growers, wine producers and consumers. Particularly in the face of political and legislative insecurity, a definition of systems and identification of distinct regions, which to date are divided arbitrarily by counties and administrative regions, is needed to protect a variety of stakeholders. Additionally, defined regional terroir may aid in the promotion of certain styles, wines and producers, which is also essential for the development of wine tourism across England and Wales. This project aims to address fundamental knowledge gaps in our understanding of the English and Welsh wine sector. The information yielded from this research will have a large impact in helping to advise in the shaping of the future of the English and Welsh wine industry, aiming to influence a wide variety of stakeholders from legislators to producers as well as consumers.