Relation of diet quality with mortality

虽然许多研究都考察了单一营养素、食物或食物组在疾病病因中的作用，但相对较少的研究涉及由多种相互依存的饮食因素组成的饮食模式对健康的影响。对饮食模式的研究是有理由的。首先，自由生活的人所吃的复杂饮食不是由单一的营养素或食物组成，而是含有多种营养素和非营养素的食物的组合。其次，饮食变量的相互关系使得很难分离出单一营养素或食物的影响。第三，营养物质在体内的生物活动是相互依存的。最后，疾病预防建议隐含地反映了饮食模式方法，强调同时改变几种饮食行为，如增加水果、蔬菜和谷物摄入量，减少脂肪摄入量。这项小额拨款提案的目的是分析来自两个大型国家队列的数据[1987年的全国健康访谈调查（n=22,080； 2937例因各种原因死亡）和1992年的全国健康访谈调查（n=12,005； 1033例因各种原因死亡）]，以前瞻性地检查总体饮食质量与全原因和特定原因死亡率的关系。作为核心调查的补充，从食物频率问卷中收集的总体饮食质量测量将在5-10年的随访期间检查与死亡风险的关系。Cox比例风险回归分析将用于测试饮食质量与每个结果的独立关联，使用适用于分析具有复杂研究设计的调查数据的统计软件（SUDAAN）。

Although many studies have examined the role of single nutrients, foods, or food groups in the etiology of disease, relatively little research has addressed the health effects of dietary patterns comprising multiple interdependent dietary factors. Research on dietary patterns is warranted on several grounds. First, complex diets consumed by free-living individuals do not consist of single nutrients or foods but rather a combination of foods containing multiple nutrients and non-nutrients. Second, intercorrelation of dietary variables makes it difficult to isolate effects of single nutrients or foods. Third, in vivo biological activities of nutrients are interdependent. Finally, recommendations for disease prevention implicitly reflect the dietary pattern approach by emphasizing the simultaneous change of several dietary behaviors such as increasing fruit, vegetable, and grain intake, and decreasing fat intake. The purpose of this small grant proposal is to analyze data from two large national cohorts [National Health Interview Surveys of 1987 (n=22,080; 2937 deaths due to all causes), and 1992 (n=12,005; 1033 deaths due to all causes)] to examine prospectively the relation of overall diet quality to all-cause and, cause-specific mortality. Measures of overall diet quality developed from food frequency questionnaire collected as a supplement to the core survey will be examined in relation to risk of mortality over a followup period of 5-10 years. Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis will be used to test the independent association of diet quality with each outcome using statistical software (SUDAAN) appropriate for analysis of data from surveys with a complex study design.