COMMUNITY PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS FOR URBAN DEMOLITION

描述（摘自申请人的摘要） 作为正在进行的城市重建工作的一部分，美国老化的城市正在夷为平地 在老化的社区里有成千上万的废弃和废弃的房子。 巴尔的摩， 例如，已经发起了一项运动，拆除22,000个空置，老化， 到2008年，房屋的状况将恶化。 这样的住房很可能包含 多种环境危害，包括含铅油漆和灰尘， 石棉、老鼠、蟑螂、过敏原和霉菌。 拆除活动可以 由于多种疾病的扩散， 与住房有关的危害进入周围环境，包括邻近 房屋、街道、人行道、庭院、花园和学校。 过程中 巴尔的摩的居民们正在研究拆除过程中铅的命运， 少数族裔和低收入社区的居民对这些危险表示担忧， 常规的拆除方法 这些担忧包括控制不足 灰尘，老鼠，昆虫，废水，公众的访问拆除 缺乏事先通知和教育/安全信息， 居民 这项正在进行的研究的初步结果表明， 拆除作业与降尘中铅含量的增加有关 而且，值得注意的是，城市重建活动 在开展这些活动时， 并防止人类暴露于多种与住房有关的健康危害。 他们的 研究目标是发展文化上适当的、以社区为基础的预防措施 经过实地测试，然后纳入城市 少数民族和低收入社区的重建活动，以改善 预防和控制与环境有关的疾病，并加强 环境正义 具体目标是：（1）在以下方面的投入下， 社区组织、卫生和住房机构以及公共卫生 专家，在房屋和街区一级采取一揽子预防干预措施， 控制暴露于可能产生的多种环境危害 （2）通过拆除住宅;（3）评估成本和效益 通过进行纵向实地研究， 两个城市街区预定拆除，其中包括测量铅， 过敏原（蟑螂和老鼠）在入口地毯灰尘;（3）评估 社区接受度和满意度， 采访

DESCRIPTION (Taken from the Applicant's Abstract) As part of ongoing urban redevelopment efforts, aging U.S. cities are razing thousands of abandoned and derelict houses in aging neighborhoods. Baltimore, for example, has initiated a campaign to demolish 22,000 vacant, aging and deteriorating row houses by the year 2008. Such housing is likely to contain multiple environmental hazards, including lead-containing paint and dust, asbestos, rats, cockroaches, allergens and molds. Demolition activities can increase risks to human health as a result of the dispersion of multiple housing-related hazards into the ambient environment including neighboring houses, streets, sidewalks, yards, gardens and schools. During the course of their ongoing study of the fate of lead during demolition, Baltimore residents of minority and low-income neighborhoods expressed concerns about the hazards of usual demolition practices. Such concerns have included inadequate control of dust, rodents, insects, waste water, the public's access to the demolition site, and a lack of advance notice and educational/safety information to residents. Preliminary results from this ongoing study indicate that usual demolition practices are associated with increased lead levels in dust fall near the demolition site and that, remarkably, urban redevelopment activities are often undertaken with little knowledge and understanding of how to address and prevent human exposures to multiple housing-related health hazards. Their research goal is to develop culturally appropriate, community-based prevention interventions which are field tested and then incorporated into urban redevelopment activities in minority and low-income communities to improve the prevention and control of environmentally-related diseases and to enhance environmental justice. Specific aims are: (1) to develop, with input from community organizations, health and housing agencies, and public health experts, a package of preventive interventions at the house and block level to control exposure to the multiple environmental hazards potentially generated by residential demolition and; (2) to assess the costs and effectiveness of the intervention package by conducting longitudinal field based research on two city blocks slated for demolition which includes measurement of lead and allergens (cockroach and mouse) in entryway mat dust; and (3) to assess the level of community acceptance and satisfaction by conducting in-home interviews.