Modernization, cultural exchange and innovation in Russian print culture: St Petersburg in the Talbot Collection

阿什莫林博物馆的塔尔博特藏品是研究圣彼得堡印刷文化和城市发展的一个无与伦比的来源。c1000版画创作于1703年城市建立后不久，一直到19世纪30年代，跨越了版画技术、城市空间描绘模式以及城市自身建设和重建的快速发展时期。该项目将评估收集的范围，并考虑关键的研究问题。第一，逼真的问题，包括科学地记录城市的地形。这可能延伸到捕捉一个“精神的地方”，也许解释了持久的流行1753年印刷的城市的禧年后，他们成为地形不准确很久。它还将考虑改变观看印刷品的模式，从18世纪的大幅面或卷装印刷品，到19世纪的体验式全景，要么围绕着观众（视觉上），要么需要展开（私人）。这些格式可以涉及观看城市的行为。它还将考虑外国人在印刷品创作和传播方面的作用。居住在这里的外国艺术家从城市内部看到的景象与早期和当代欧洲旅行者看到的景象形成了鲜明对比，在欧洲旅行者眼中，俄罗斯，特别是莫斯科，常常被描绘成一个东方的国家。Cornelius de Bruijn的《Travels into Muscovy，Persia and the East-Indies》（1737）就是一个很好的例子。圣彼得堡面向西方而建，可以成为一个自我塑造的场所，吸收外国人，他们在新的帝国学院培养了一代本土艺术家。我设想随着对所持有的资产进行评估，研究的重点也会发生变化。

The Talbot Collection at the Ashmolean Museum is a source unparalleled outside of Russia for the study of print culture and urban development in St Petersburg. The c 1000 prints date from shortly after the foundation of the city in 1703 until the 1830s, spanning a period of rapid development in print technology, modes of picturing urban space, and the building and re-building of the city itself. The project will assess the scope of the collection and consider key research questions. Firstly, the question of verisimilitude, including scientific attempts to record the city's topography. This may extend to capturing a "spirit of place", perhaps explaining the enduring popularity of the 1753 prints for the city's jubilee long after they became topographically inaccurate. It will also consider changing modes of viewing prints, from 18th-century vedute on large sheets or bound in volumes, to the experiential panorama of the 19th century that either surround the viewer (publically) or require unfolding (privately). These formats may relate to acts of viewing the city. It will also consider the role of foreigners in creating and disseminating prints. Views from within the city by resident foreign artists contrast with earlier and contemporary views by travelling Europeans, in which Russia, especially Moscow, was often cast as an eastern land. Cornelius de Bruijn's "Travels into Muscovy, Persia and the East-Indies" (1737) is a case in point. Built looking to the West, St Petersburg could be a site of self-fashioning, absorbing foreigners who trained a generation of native artists in the new Imperial Academy. I envisage the focus of research evolving as the holdings are evaluated.