Translation in Wikipedia: A Praxeological Study of Normativity, Negotiation and Automation across Four Language Communities

这个博士研究项目调查了在过去的5年里，监管、谈判和自动化如何促进了维基百科西班牙语、法语、荷兰语和瑞典语社区翻译实践的出现和发展。主要借鉴Wenger（1998）的“实践社区”概念、Warde（2005、2016）的“绩效标准”，以及push等人（2012）的“材料配置实践”假设，本研究有四个明确的目标。首先，它分析被调查的每个维基百科社区制定的翻译标准（政策、指导方针和文章），寻找趋同和不协调的模式。其次，它考察了维基百科编辑是如何在类似论坛的空间（如“讨论页”）中协商这些标准的。第三，它试图确定四个社区的16位经验丰富的维基百科翻译人员将这些标准纳入其实践的程度。最后，研究的最后一部分集中于定制自动化设备（软件机器人和CX）和元数据的实施和后续部署如何有助于配置翻译人员的实践，重点关注最后一个例子。

This doctoral research project investigates how regulation, negotiation and automation have contributed to the emergence and evolution of translation practices across the Spanish, French, Dutch and Swedish language communities of Wikipedia over the past 5 years. Drawing primarily on Wenger's (1998) concept of 'communities of practice', Warde's (2005, 2016) 'standards of performance', and Shove et al.'s (2012) postulate that materials configure practices, this research has four clear aims. First, it analyses the translation standards (policies, guidelines and essays) set by each Wikipedia community under investigation, looking for patterns of convergence and dissonance. Second, it examines how these standards are negotiated by engaged Wikipedia editors in forum-like spaces such as 'talk pages'. Third, it seeks to ascertain the extent to which 16 experienced Wikipedia translators of the four communities have incorporated these standards into their practices. Finally, the last part of the study centres on how the implementation and subsequent deployment of bespoke automated devices (software robots and CX) and metadata have contributed to configuring the translators' practices, focusing on the last lustrum.