Psychosocial Factors and Ambulatory Blood Pressure

描述(研究者摘要)：高血压家族史是一种 老年高血压的主要预测因子。的主要目标是 这个应用程序是为了确定24小时动态血压 区分具有不同家族史的个人：2 高血压父母，1名高血压父母，血压正常的父母。这个 研究人员还将检查高血压家族史对 与其他与血压升高有关的因素和 高血压：工作压力、社会支持和个性特征(即， 敌意、未表达的愤怒、焦虑、防御性)。影响将是 192名年龄在22-50岁的男性和女性在工作日和休息日进行了评估 多年来，他们从事着广泛的职业。调查人员假设 清醒和睡眠时间的动态血压将在 2个高血压父母的后代，在有1个高血压的父母中略有升高 父母高血压者最低，父母血压正常者最低。预测 血压升高作为家族史的函数预计会 具有以下任何特征的个人更大：高职位 紧张、焦虑、敌意、防御性或情绪低落。另外， 人格特征的组合，如高度敌意(或高度焦虑， 高防御性或低愤怒)，高工作压力，以及 高血压(特别是有两个高血压的父母)应该会导致更大的 血压放大。所有预测的血压影响都是 预计在工作日会进一步上升，而高水平的 社会支持有望缓和血压升高。通过抽样 血脂、胰岛素、血糖、白天和夜间尿量 儿茶酚胺和皮质醇，研究人员将评估其作用 家族史中的胰岛素抵抗和交感神经系统。 调查有高血压风险的健康男性和女性将有助于识别 与高血压相关的变量在疾病完全缓解之前 通过改变饮食和生活方式表现出来，并使早期干预成为可能。 由于高血压预示着未来的冠心病、中风和 肾脏疾病，降低高血压高危人群的血压 高血压可以降低发病率和死亡率。

DESCRIPTION (investigator's abstract): Family history of hypertension is a primary predictor of high blood pressure in later life. The principal goal of this application is to determine how 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure distinguishes between individuals with different family histories: 2 hypertensive parents, 1 hypertensive parent, normotensive parents. The investigators will also examine effects of family history of blood pressure in combination with other factors linked to elevated blood pressure and hypertension: job strain, social support and personality traits (i.e., hostility, unexpressed anger, anxiety, defensiveness). Effects will be evaluated on a work day and an off work day in 192 men and women, aged 22-50 years, in a broad range of occupations. The investigators hypothesize that ambulatory blood pressure during waking and sleeping hours will be highest in offsprings of 2 hypertensive parents, somewhat elevated in those with 1 hypertensive parent, and lowest in those with normotensive parents. Predicted blood pressure elevations as a function of family history are expected to be greater in individuals with any of the following characteristics: high job strain, anxiety, hostility, defensiveness, or low anger-out. Also, the combination of a personality trait such as high hostility (or high anxiety, high defensiveness, or low anger-out), high job strain, and a family history of hypertension (particularly with 2 hypertensive parents) should lead to greater blood pressure magnifications. All predicted blood pressure effects are expected to be further elevated during work days, whereas the presence of high social support is expected to moderate blood pressure elevations. By sampling serum lipids, insulin, and glucose and daytime and nighttime urinary catecholamines and cortisol, the investigators will evaluate the role of insulin resistance and the sympathetic nervous system in family history. Investigating healthy men and women at risk for hypertension will help identify variables associated with high blood pressure before the disease is fully manifested and enable early intervention through diet and life-style changes. Since hypertension is predictive of future coronary heart disease, stroke, and renal disease, lowering the blood pressure for individuals at risk for hypertension can result in decreased morbidity and mortality rates.