CORE--NEUROPATHOLOGY

神经病理学（NP）核心为匹兹堡ADRC提供完整的大脑银行和神经病理学诊断服务。为了确保在短时间内收获优质组织，尸检是在24小时的基础上进行的，过去四年的平均尸检时间约为4小时。 尸检时，大脑被矢状切开。将右半脑解剖并广泛取样（冷冻样品库，将左半脑固定在10%缓冲福尔马林中。固定后，对左半脑进行密集取样，用于NP诊断测试，包括H&E、刚果红免疫细胞化学（β-A4淀粉样蛋白、tau、α-突触核蛋白和泛素）和银染色（Bielschowsky）。 左半脑的显微镜分析根据当前的NIA建议进行，其包括神经元缠结密度的分期（Braak分期）并遵循CERAD方案进行取样和半定量。路易体病理学根据McKeith et. NP Core最近开始使用α-突触核蛋白染色来评估Lewy小体的存在。脑库被编目并与NP诊断相关，以使ADRC和其他研究人员能够获得良好表征的组织。每季度向调查人员分发一次，提醒他们注意库存病例的可用性和诊断。储存的组织样本使用唯一的NP Core储存标识符进行编码，该标识符不允许研究者识别患者，但是提供了一个链接（通过雨库，雨库将密钥保存在安全的通行证工作链接文件上，仅NP Core人员可以访问）。还向研究者提供了其他非识别信息（年龄、性别、死后时间赛跑等）只有在ADRC执行委员会和Wiley博士审查和批准后，研究者才能获得组织和数据，并且需要IRB批准研究方案。NP诊断和2-3页的叙述性报告在死亡后一个月内提供给ADRC数据库和家庭。截至1998年，NP核心库每年约有50个ADRC尸体解剖。此外，对照组大脑已被储存，并通过相同的方案进行表征，包括显微镜神经病理学评价。核心包括参考实验室（包括Ar/Kr激光共聚焦显微镜和Image 1工作站），用于开发滞留和定量分析。

The Neuropathology (NP) Core provides complete brain banking and neuropathology diagnostic services for the Pittsburgh ADRC. To assure harvesting of excellent quality tissues with short post-mortem times, autopsies are performed are performed on a 24 hour basis and the average post-mortem time over the past four years is approximately 4 hours. The brain is bisected sagittally at the time of autopsy. The right half is dissected and extensively sampled (frozen samples banking, the left half of the brain is fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After fixation the left hemi-brain is intensely sampled for NP diagnostic tests including H&E, Congo Red immunocytochemical (beta-A4 amyloid, tau, alpha-synuclein, and ubiquitin) and silver stains (Bielschowsky). Microscopic analysis of the left hemi-brain is performed according to current NIA- recommendations which includes staging of neurofibrillary tangle density (Braak staging) and follows CERAD protocols for sampling and semi- quantitation. Lewy Body pathology is described per the consensus criteria of McKeith et. al. The NP Core has recently initiated use of alpha- synuclein staining to assess for the presence of Lewy bodies. The brain bank is catalogued and correlated with NP diagnoses to make available well characterized tissues to ADRC and other investigators. Quarterly are issued to investigators to alert them to the availability and diagnoses of banked cases. Banked tissue samples are coded with a unique NP Core banking identifier which does not allow investigators to identify the patient, however, provides a link (through the rain bank which maintains the key on a secure pass-work linked file, with access only by NP Core personnel). Investigators are also provided with additional non- identifying information (age, sex, post-mortem time race, etc.) Tissues and data are made available to investigators only after review and approval by the ADRC Executive Committee and Dr. Wiley and requires IRB approval of the research protocol. NP diagnoses and a 2-3 page narrative report are supplied to the ADRC database and families within one month of death. As of 1998 the NP core banks approximately 50 ADRC autopsies per year. Additionally, control brains have been banked and characterized by identical protocols including microscopic neuropathologic evaluation. The core contains reference laboratory (including a Ar/Kr laser confocal microscope and Image 1 workstation) for development of detained and quantitative analyses.