METHODS FOR IMPROVING MEASUREMENT OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION

描述：这项研究的目的是提高可靠性和 饮酒的有效性和问题措施。它直接贡献了 到中心？S以先进的方式收集和分析数据的宪章 方法，并将加强S中心对该病的流行病学研究 普通人群及其服务人群中的饮酒问题。这个 这里采取的方法认识到并解决了以下两大类 饮酒后果：危险的大量饮酒导致的饮酒问题 发作(如酒后驾车和受伤)；以及由以下原因引起的 长期有害的容量水平(如肝病和依赖)。三 提出了方法论研究。第一篇《自定义饮料研究》 规模“，测试和实施创新的方法，从 电话调查受访者，假设日均交易量也是如此 因为当受访者定义、特定于饮料时，重度饮酒率会更高 饮料的大小也会被考虑在内。研究结果对酒精有影响 流行病学(通过潜在地在调查中占更大比例的 基于酒类销售数据的总消费量；更准确地映射 按族裔、性别、地区等划分的消费分布)，风险 评估(与怀孕饮酒者一样，特别是那些饮酒量较高的人 酒精含量超过标准大小的饮料)，并对健康 服务(其中，例如，这里正在研究的方法可用于 帮助高危饮酒者意识到他们的饮酒量较大)。第二 一项名为“交互式语音应答(IVR)”的研究考察了 酒精对IVR技术的适用性调查 与计算机交互(使用电话键盘)回答问题 关于敏感行为，如危险的性行为，酒后驾车，重度 饮酒等。饮酒、依赖、 对于IVR管理的项目，假设相关的危险行为 当使用电话调查采访者时。第三项研究确定了 自我报告饮酒与基于呼吸分析的血液的有效性比较 不同环境和文化的酒精含量(BAL)，包括酒吧 美国以及美国和其他五个国家的急诊室(ER)设置 国家。影响自我报告偏差的变量分析 同时饮用ER和酒吧饮品将增加我们的知识 关于特定事件的自我报告酒精测量可能是 改进了。这三项研究中的每一项都与其他中心互动并提供信息 构成部分，并涉及其主要主题。

DESCRIPTION: This research is designed to improve the reliability and validity of alcohol consumption and problem measures. It directly contributes to the Center?s charter of gathering and analyzing data in ways that advance methods, and will enhance the Center?s research on the epidemiology of drinking problems in the general population and its service populations. The approach taken here recognizes and addresses the two broad categories of drinking consequences: drinking problems due to hazardous heavy-drinking episodes (as with drunk driving and injuries); and those that result from long-term harmful volume levels (as with liver disease and dependence). Three methodological studies are proposed. The first "Studies of Self-Defined Drink Size", tests and implements innovative methodologies to elicit drink size from telephone survey respondents, hypothesizing that average daily volume as well as rate of heavy drinking will be greater when respondent-defined, beverage-specific drink sizes are considered. Findings have implications for alcohol epidemiology (by potentially accounting in surveys for greater proportion of aggregate consumption based on alcohol sales data; more accurate mapping of the distribution of consumption, by ethnicity, gender, region; etc.), for risk assessment (as with pregnant drinkers, especially those drinking higher alcohol-content beverages in larger-than-standard sizes), and for health services (where, for example, methodologies under study here may be used to help at-risk drinkers become aware of their larger drink sizes). The second study, "Interactive Voice Response (IVR)", examines the value and applicability to alcohol surveys of IVR technology in which respondents interact with a computer (using their telephone key pad) to answer questions about sensitive behaviors such as risky sex, drinking and driving, heavy drinking, etc. Higher prevalence rates for alcohol consumption, dependence, and related risk behaviors are hypothesized for IVR-administered items than when telephone survey interviewers are used. The third study determines the validity of self-report drinking compared to breathanalysis-based Blood Alcohol Levels (BAL) across different contexts and cultures including bars in the U.S. as well as emergency room (ER) settings in the U.S. and five other countries. Analysis of variables which influence biases in self-reported consumption in both ER and bar drinking samples will increase our knowledge about ways that event-specific self-report alcohol measurement might be improved. Each of these three studies interacts with and informs other Center components and addresses its major themes.