METHODS FOR IMPROVING MEASUREMENT OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION

描述：本研究旨在提高可靠性和 酒精消费的有效性和问题措施。它直接促成了 到中心？的章程，收集和分析数据的方式， 方法，并将提高中心？的流行病学研究 一般人群及其服务人群的饮酒问题。的 这里所采取的方法承认并解决了两大类问题， 饮酒的后果：危险的大量饮酒造成的饮酒问题 事件（如酒后驾车和受伤）;和那些导致 长期有害的音量水平（如肝病和依赖）。三 提出了方法研究。第一个“自定义饮料研究” 大小”，测试和实施创新的方法，以引出饮料的大小， 电话调查受访者，假设平均每天的数量以及 因为当被调查者定义的、特定于饮料的 饮料的大小被考虑。研究结果对酒精有影响 流行病学（通过在调查中可能占更大比例的 根据酒类销售数据计算的总消费量; 按种族、性别、地区等分列的消费分布情况），风险 评估（如怀孕饮酒者，尤其是那些喝得更多的人） 大于标准尺寸的含酒精饮料），以及健康 服务（例如，此处研究的方法可用于 帮助高危饮酒者意识到他们的饮料容量更大）。第二 一项名为“交互式语音应答（IVR）"的研究， 适用于酒精调查的IVR技术，其中受访者 与计算机交互（使用电话键盘）回答问题 关于敏感的行为，如危险的性行为，酒后驾车， 饮酒、依赖、 和相关的风险行为假设为IVR管理的项目， 当使用电话调查访问者时。第三项研究确定了 自我报告饮酒的有效性与基于呼吸分析的血液 酒精水平（BAL）在不同的背景和文化，包括酒吧， 以及美国的急诊室（ER）设置和其他五个 国家影响自我报告偏倚的变量分析 在ER和酒吧饮用样品中的消费量将增加我们的知识 关于特定事件的自我报告酒精测量可能是 提高这三项研究中的每一项都与其他中心相互作用并通知其他中心 的组成部分，并讨论其主要主题。

DESCRIPTION: This research is designed to improve the reliability and validity of alcohol consumption and problem measures. It directly contributes to the Center?s charter of gathering and analyzing data in ways that advance methods, and will enhance the Center?s research on the epidemiology of drinking problems in the general population and its service populations. The approach taken here recognizes and addresses the two broad categories of drinking consequences: drinking problems due to hazardous heavy-drinking episodes (as with drunk driving and injuries); and those that result from long-term harmful volume levels (as with liver disease and dependence). Three methodological studies are proposed. The first "Studies of Self-Defined Drink Size", tests and implements innovative methodologies to elicit drink size from telephone survey respondents, hypothesizing that average daily volume as well as rate of heavy drinking will be greater when respondent-defined, beverage-specific drink sizes are considered. Findings have implications for alcohol epidemiology (by potentially accounting in surveys for greater proportion of aggregate consumption based on alcohol sales data; more accurate mapping of the distribution of consumption, by ethnicity, gender, region; etc.), for risk assessment (as with pregnant drinkers, especially those drinking higher alcohol-content beverages in larger-than-standard sizes), and for health services (where, for example, methodologies under study here may be used to help at-risk drinkers become aware of their larger drink sizes). The second study, "Interactive Voice Response (IVR)", examines the value and applicability to alcohol surveys of IVR technology in which respondents interact with a computer (using their telephone key pad) to answer questions about sensitive behaviors such as risky sex, drinking and driving, heavy drinking, etc. Higher prevalence rates for alcohol consumption, dependence, and related risk behaviors are hypothesized for IVR-administered items than when telephone survey interviewers are used. The third study determines the validity of self-report drinking compared to breathanalysis-based Blood Alcohol Levels (BAL) across different contexts and cultures including bars in the U.S. as well as emergency room (ER) settings in the U.S. and five other countries. Analysis of variables which influence biases in self-reported consumption in both ER and bar drinking samples will increase our knowledge about ways that event-specific self-report alcohol measurement might be improved. Each of these three studies interacts with and informs other Center components and addresses its major themes.