Nonreciprocal broken-ray tomography: applications to optical fluorescence imaging and X-ray dual-energy imaging

这个博士项目旨在为先进的生物医学成像开发新的理论和计算工具，特别是1。光学生物医学成像介观系统，如上皮组织、工程组织、癌细胞培养和模型生物。这与一系列临床应用(例如，皮肤科)有关，因为非常需要用于客观、体内损伤评估以及临床前和进化生物学研究的综合上皮组织特征的工具。基于测量的双能X射线成像康普顿-散射辐射双能成像是诊断成像和癌症放射治疗计划发展的迫切需要，这两种类型的成像技术都将在最近引入的非互易断射线层析成像的公共通用框架内进行讨论[1]。这种新的图像重建方法能够获得有关生物组织的更多信息：在荧光光学层析成像中，第一次有可能同时重建两个能量和造影剂浓度下的固有衰减系数；在X射线成像中，第一次有可能同时重建两个能量上的衰减系数和电子密度。博士项目将开发图像重建算法以及用于图像重建的软件代码。为了指导实验实施，这些技术将在数值实验的基础上进行验证和优化。该项目是为癌症管理和下一代医疗保健开发新的和变革性方法的总体努力的一部分[1]L.Floresu等人，《非互易破碎射线变换与荧光成像的应用》，逆问题34,094002(2018年)

This PhD project aims to develop new theoretical and computational tools for advanced biomedical imaging, specifically, for1. Optical biomedical imaging of mesoscopic systems such as epithelial tissue, engineered tissues, cancer cell cultures, and model organisms. This is relevant for a series of clinical applications (for instance, in dermatology), as there is a great need for tools for comprehensive epithelial tissue characterisation for objective, in-vivo lesion assessment, as well as for preclinical and evolutionary biology studies.2. Dual-energy X-ray imaging based on measurements Compton-scattered radiation Dual-energy imaging is a stringent need for advancements in both diagnostic imaging and cancer radiotherapy treatment planning.Both these types of imaging technologies will be addressed within the common general framework of nonreciprocal broken-ray tomography introduced recently [1]. This new approach to image reconstruction enables achieving additional information about the biological tissue: in fluorescence optical tomography, it is possible, for the first time, to reconstruct simultaneously the intrinsic attenuation coefficients at two energies and the concentration of the contrast agent; in X-ray imaging, it is possible, for the first time, to reconstruct simultaneously the attenuation coefficient at two energies and the electron density. The PhD project will develop image reconstruction algorithms as well as software codes for image reconstruction. To guide the experimental implementation, the technologies will then be validated and optimised based on numerical experiments. This project is part of the general effort for developing novel and transformative approaches to cancer management and next generation healthcare[1] L. Florescu et al, "Nonreciprocal broken ray transforms with applications to fluorescence imaging," Inverse Problems 34, 094002 (2018)