EARLY DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS OF CHILDHOOD ANXIETY

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：本研究的长期目标 指导临床科学家奖是培养候选人成为一个 独立调查员，进行焦虑发展的研究 儿童和青少年的疾病。 候选人将获得教学 发育生理学和神经生物学，统计学， 明尼苏达大学的研究设计。 导师包括L。艾伦 Sroufe博士（主要导师），杰罗姆卡根，博士（气质），梅根 Gunnar博士（生理学），Charles纳尔逊博士（神经生物学），盖尔 Bernstien，医学博士（childhood anxiety disorders），M.凯瑟琳希尔，医学博士 （成人焦虑症）和Robert Cudek博士（统计）。 这项研究的前提是，焦虑症的发展， 遗传影响，婴儿反应或气质和生理， 与特定的人际关系经验相结合。 一 考试将采用“发展路径”研究策略 中间结果标记或焦虑症的前兆 （行为抑制和焦虑/抵抗性依恋）。 因为孩子 患有惊恐障碍和广场恐怖症（PDAG）的母亲更有可能 患焦虑症的母亲比没有精神病理学的母亲的孩子， 将研究患有PDAG的母亲和对照组的婴儿， 焦虑症前兆的可能性 65名患有PDAG的女性， 65名没有任何精神病理学的妇女将被招募， 妊娠晚期 婴儿的反应、性情、生理 母婴关系将被纵向研究，从出生到 14个月大，以确定相对重要性和相互作用， 这些因素。 因为干预措施最容易集中在 亲子关系，这项研究也将寻求澄清， 亲子互动的类型促进行为抑制， 最终导致儿童焦虑症。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The long-term aim of this Mentored Clinical Scientist Award is to train the candidate to become an independent investigator, conducting studies in the development of anxiety disorders in children and adolescence. The candidate will obtain didactic training in developmental physiology and neurobiology, statistics, and research design at the University of Minnesota. Mentors include L. Alan Sroufe, Ph.D. (primary mentor), Jerome Kagan, Ph.D. (temperament), Megan Gunnar, Ph.D. (physiology), Charles Nelson, Ph.D. (neurobiology), Gail Bernstien, M.D. (childhood anxiety disorders), M. Katherine Shear, M.D. (adult anxiety disorders) and Robert Cudek, Ph.D. (statistics). The premise of the research is that anxiety disorders develop as the result of genetic influences, infant reactivity or temperament and physiology, in combination with particular interpersonal relationship experiences. A "developmental pathways" research strategy will be used with the examination of intermediate outcome markers or precursors to anxiety disorders (behavioral inhibition and anxious/resistant attachment). Because children of mothers with panic disorder and agoraphobia (PDAG) are more likely to develop anxiety disorders than children of mothers without psychopathology, infants of mothers with PDAG and controls will be studied to increment the likelihood of anxiety disorder precursors. Sixty-five women with PDAG and sixty-five women without any psychopathology will be recruited during their third trimester of pregnancy. Infant reactivity, temperament, physiology and mother-infant relationships will be studied longitudinally from birth to 14 months of age to determine the relative importance and interaction of these factors. Because intervention efforts can most easily be focused on parent-child relationships, this research will also seek to clarify which types of parent-child interactions promote behavioral inhibition and ultimately childhood anxiety disorders.