Development of Teratogenic Symbols and Educational Media

描述(由研究人员提供)：在过去的十年中，具有致畸作用的药物的处方迅速增加，因为Acutane越来越受欢迎，沙利度胺因其抗血管生成特性而重新使用，以及其他导致出生缺陷的药物的使用增加。随着这种增加，育龄妇女在服用一种潜在的致畸药物时怀孕或怀孕的风险也随之增加。最近的一项研究表明，女性经常曲解常用的警告标签，特别是在缺乏指导或教育材料的情况下。由于在药剂师-患者和医生-患者互动中经常省略说明，警告标签是第一个也是中心干预。寻求高度敏感的个人忽视或忽视符号和警告的风险更高，然而有证据表明，专门为HSS个人设计的信息是成功的，而且仍然适用于普通人群。因此，迫切需要符号和媒体以明确、毫不含糊的方式传达怀孕或怀孕期间服用致畸药物的危险，或在最坏的情况下，不会导致有害的误解或误解。为HSS个人设计的媒体应该特别有价值在该项目的第一阶段，AEI将与平面设计师、研究人员和评估员密切合作，创建一系列符号和警告(符号加文本)，传达物质的致畸特性。这些符号将使用迭代设计并与目标受众密切合作来形成开发。最终的原型符号(S)和警告(S)将在一项大规模的研究中进行评估，研究将从不同的地理位置进行一对一的采访方案，以确保文化、种族、民族和地区的效用。随着第一阶段开发和评估的原型符号，第二阶段将创建一系列教育媒体模块，以提高对符号和警告的认识，并教育专业人员和公众有关致畸的知识。这些材料将包括一个参考网站、一套供药房和从业者使用的小册子、用于展示的小型媒体材料(如海报)和一部视频纪录片。所有材料将以英语和西班牙语交付。

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): The prescription of pharmaceuticals with teratogenic properties has increased rapidly over the past decade with the heightened popularity of Accutane, the renewed use of Thalidomide for its antiangiogenic characteristics, and the growth in use of other birth-defect inducing drugs. With this increase comes a concomitant increase in the risk of women of child-bearing age being or becoming pregnant while taking a potentially teratogenic pharmaceutical. A recent study indicates that women frequently misinterpret a commonly used warning label, especially in the absence of instruction or educational materials. Since instruction is often frequently omitted in pharmacist-patient and physician-patient interaction, the warning label is a first and central intervention. High sensation seeking individuals are at heightened risk for overlooking or ignoring symbols and warnings yet evidence exists that messages designed specifically for HSS individuals are successful and, moreover, still work with the general population. There is, therefore, an urgent need for symbols and media that convey the danger of taking teratogenic pharmaceuticals while pregnant or preconception in a clear, unambiguous manner or, at worst, that lead to no harmful misinterpretations or misconceptions. Media designed for HSS individuals should be particularly valuable In Phase I of this project, AEI will work closely with graphic designers, researchers, and evaluators, to create a series of symbols and warnings (symbols plus text) that communicate the teratogenic properties of a substance. These symbols will be developed formatively using an iterative design and working closely with target audience members. The final prototype symbol(s) and warning(s) will be evaluated in a large-scale (n=400) study implementing a one-on-one interview protocol that will draw from diverse geographic locations in order to ensure cultural, racial, ethnic, and regional utility. With the prototype symbols developed and evaluated in Phase I, Phase II will create a series of educational media modules to increase awareness of the symbols and warnings and to educate professionals and the public on teratogenicity. These materials will include a reference web-site, a set of brochures for pharmacies and practitioners, small media materials (such as posters) for display, and a video documentary. All materials will be delivered in both English and Spanish.