SUN SAFETY INTERVENTION FOR POSTAL CARRIERS

黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的发病率 在美国，紫外线辐射(UVR)的暴露一直在增加 儿童期和成年期都是一个关键的危险因素，户外工作者 职业是一个高风险的成年人群。我们收集的试点数据 研究小组指出，邮递员1)体内的 防晒霜和防护帽的使用以及2)对干预的积极反应 战略描述如下。拟议项目的主要目标是 制定和评估以环境为基础的促进SUN的干预措施 美国邮政服务(UPS)的安全行为室外 承运人。研究人员将使用随机的两组设计，70人 分配给干预或控制的单个邮局分支机构 条件(至少1400名受试者)。干预方案，基于 生态行为模式，将包括增加运营商进入 防晒帽和防晒霜；实施各种防晒提示 进入运营商环境的安全行为；以及交付简要说明 关于皮肤癌预防的教育报告。结果衡量标准 将包括关键防晒行为的自我报告频率 过去一周，对航母防护服的不引人注意的观察 递送邮件，以及皮肤颜色的变化，这表明测量到的晒黑 用一个热量计。所有措施将在紧随其后的 干预2年(基线)，基线后12、24和36个月。这个 另外还将进行太阳安全调查问卷和观察 基线后3个月。主要项目目标包括：1)开发 使用形成性评价的干预组件；2)实施 上述35个干预点的干预方案；3)比较 关于结果衡量的两组；以及4)确定可能 通过收集各种与流程相关的数据来影响结果。如果 成功，这一干预方案具有很高的潜力 在美国公共部门网站内的制度化和在整个网站上的传播 全国范围内。

The incidence rates of both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers have been increasing in the U.S. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in both childhood and adulthood is a key risk factor, and workers of outdoor occupations are a high-risk adult population. Pilot data collected by our research group suggest that postal carriers 1) have relatively low levels of sunscreen and protective hat use and 2) respond favorably to the intervention strategies described below. The primary goal of the proposed project is to develop and evaluate an environmentally-based intervention for promoting sun safety behaviors among United States Postal Service (U.S.P.S.) outdoor carriers. The investigators will use a randomized, 2-group design, with 70 individual post office branches assigned to either the intervention or control conditions (a minimum of 1,400 subjects). The intervention package, based on an ecological model of behavior, will consist of increasing carriers' access to sun protective hats and to sunscreen; implementing a variety of prompts for sun safe behaviors into the carriers' environments; and delivering brief educational presentations regarding skin cancer prevention. Outcome measures will include self-reported frequency of key sun protective behaviors over the past week, unobtrusive observations of carriers' protective clothing as they deliver mail, and changes in skin color that are indicative of tanning measured with a calorimeter. All measures will be administered immediately prior to the 2-year intervention (baseline) and at 12, 24, and 36 months post-baseline. The sun safety questionnaire and observations additionally will be administered 3-months post-baseline. Key project objectives include: 1) develop the intervention components using formative evaluation; 2) implement the intervention package described above in the 35 intervention sites; 3) compare the 2 groups on the outcomes measures; and 4) identify factors that may influence the outcome by collecting a variety of process-related data. If successful, this intervention package has a high potential for institutionalization within and dissemination throughout U.S.P.S. sites nationwide.