SUN SAFETY INTERVENTION FOR POSTAL CARRIERS

黑素瘤和非黑素瘤皮肤癌的发病率 在美国，暴露于紫外线辐射（UVR）的人数一直在增加， 儿童期和成年期都是一个关键的风险因素， 职业是高风险的成年人群。我们收集的试点数据 研究小组认为，邮政承运人1）有相对较低的水平， 防晒霜和防护帽的使用和2）积极响应干预 下面描述的策略。拟议项目的主要目标是 制定和评估一项以环境为基础的干预措施， 美国邮政服务（U.S.P.S.）户外 载波研究者将采用随机、2组设计， 分配到干预或控制的各个邮局分支机构 条件（至少1，400名受试者）。干预方案，基于一个 行为的生态模式，将包括增加运营商的访问， 防晒帽和防晒霜;执行各种提示的太阳 将安全行为融入运营商的环境;并提供简短的 关于皮肤癌预防的教育介绍。观察指标 将包括自我报告的关键防晒行为的频率 过去一周，对携带者防护服的不显眼的观察， 传递邮件，以及皮肤颜色的变化，这是晒黑测量的指示 一个热量计。所有措施都将在 2-年干预（基线）和基线后12、24和36个月。的 此外，还将进行阳光安全问卷调查和观察 3-基线后月。主要项目目标包括：1）开发 使用形成性评价的干预成分; 2）实施 在35个干预点实施上述干预包; 3）比较 2组的结果测量;和4）确定可能 通过收集各种过程相关数据来影响结果。如果 如果成功，这套干预措施很有可能 制度化和传播整个U.S.P.S.网站 全国范围

The incidence rates of both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers have been increasing in the U.S. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in both childhood and adulthood is a key risk factor, and workers of outdoor occupations are a high-risk adult population. Pilot data collected by our research group suggest that postal carriers 1) have relatively low levels of sunscreen and protective hat use and 2) respond favorably to the intervention strategies described below. The primary goal of the proposed project is to develop and evaluate an environmentally-based intervention for promoting sun safety behaviors among United States Postal Service (U.S.P.S.) outdoor carriers. The investigators will use a randomized, 2-group design, with 70 individual post office branches assigned to either the intervention or control conditions (a minimum of 1,400 subjects). The intervention package, based on an ecological model of behavior, will consist of increasing carriers' access to sun protective hats and to sunscreen; implementing a variety of prompts for sun safe behaviors into the carriers' environments; and delivering brief educational presentations regarding skin cancer prevention. Outcome measures will include self-reported frequency of key sun protective behaviors over the past week, unobtrusive observations of carriers' protective clothing as they deliver mail, and changes in skin color that are indicative of tanning measured with a calorimeter. All measures will be administered immediately prior to the 2-year intervention (baseline) and at 12, 24, and 36 months post-baseline. The sun safety questionnaire and observations additionally will be administered 3-months post-baseline. Key project objectives include: 1) develop the intervention components using formative evaluation; 2) implement the intervention package described above in the 35 intervention sites; 3) compare the 2 groups on the outcomes measures; and 4) identify factors that may influence the outcome by collecting a variety of process-related data. If successful, this intervention package has a high potential for institutionalization within and dissemination throughout U.S.P.S. sites nationwide.