A Molecular Motor

描述（由申请人提供）：运动是生活的核心和必要条件。 在过去的几十年里，人们投入了巨大的努力， 以了解生物马达--如肌肉、鞭毛和纤毛--如何运作。 但即使是现在，人们也几乎不了解，至少在原子水平上， 详细说明，化学动力马达如何实现定向运动。 我们现在建议构建一个合理设计的分子马达， 提供了一些关于生物和其他分子尺度马达如何 工作马达作为单个分子运行， 单向分子运动与能量释放在水解 光气转化为二氧化碳和HCl。在这个项目的初期，我们 实现了两个功能原型的第一个非天然的，化学的， 动力分子发动机我们现在建议通过详细说明 将原型转化为完全可操作的连续旋转系统。 该项目将在若干层面上进行综合和评价， 复杂性，建立在从原型工作中获得的知识基础上 最终形成一个功能齐全的版本，每一步都有反馈 为下一阶段的设计做准备。 该项目应扩大对化学定向和 控制运动，这是一个主题的核心理解， 生物系统。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Motion is central and essential - to life. During the past several decades enormous effort has been invested in attempting to learn how biological motors - such as muscles, flagella and cilia - operate. But even now there is little understanding, at least at the atomic level of detail, how chemically powered motors achieve directed motion. We now propose to construct a rationally designed molecular motor that may provide some insight into how biological - and other - molecular scale motors work. The motor operates as a single molecule and is powered by coupling unidirectional molecular movement with the energy released in the hydrolysis of phosgene to carbon dioxide and HCI. In the initial period of this project we achieved two functioning prototypes of the first non-natural, chemically powered molecular motor. We now propose to complete the task by elaborating the prototypes into fully operational, continuously rotating systems. The project will entail synthesis and evaluation at several levels of complexity, building on the knowledge gained from the work with the prototypes and culminating in a fully functioning version, with feedback at each step serving to refine the design of the next stage. The project should expand the understanding of chemically directed and controlled movement, which is a topic central to the understanding of biological systems.