STURCTURE/PROPERTIES OF ALTERED FORMS OF DENTIN AND CEMENTUM

说明：（申请人提供）项目8的主要目的， 牙本质和牙骨质改变形式的结构/性质，是为了确定 特定材料“签名”的关键变化和改变的牙本质和 在乳牙（乳牙）和恒牙中的牙骨质。材料 “特征”将由特征微观结构、成分和 每种形式的选定性能（机械和脱盐），或 牙齿硬组织变异。我们假设这些“签名” 为每个变更提供唯一标识符。这些“签名”应该 证明有助于开发改进的临床方法，以预防 和保守的修复性牙科我们将以一种 有序、重复的措施设计，涉及多种先进方法 包括X射线断层扫描显微镜（XTM），原子力显微镜（AFM）， 成像、去矿化和纳米压痕测量，小角度X射线 散射（SAXS）和其他标准工具，允许确定 矿物质和胶原纤维结构的特征，重复距离和 交叉链接。 Aim 1将定义透明牙本质的“签名”， 乳牙和永久牙本质的冠龋和磨损 宫颈病变、牙髓治疗的牙齿和牙根老化。它将 还评估了矿物含量、结构和纳米力学性能 活动性和停滞性根龋的区域变化，并确定独特的 与牙本质生成不全（Dentinogenesis Imperfecta，DI-II）相关的牙本质特征。 目标2将重点关注与胶原交联模式相关的变化， 每种变异的原纤维结构。目标3评价了“签名”， 第二和第三牙本质在乳牙和恒牙，并评估 三级牙本质“签名”对刺激性质的依赖性。目标4 将确定“签名”的年龄相关的关键成分即， 细胞和非细胞牙骨质的结构和性质， 牙骨质-牙本质交界处（CDJ）和牙骨质-牙釉质交界处（CEJ）， 同样的方法和一般相同的牙齿用于牙本质。 该项目的“签名”将提供基本信息， 将用于在项目II中开发模型，了解 项目III中的粘结，并将作为与 项目IV中老鼠牙齿的“签名”。

DESCRIPTION: (provided by the applicant) The main objective of Project 8, Structure/Properties of Altered Forms of Dentin and Cementum, is to determine specific material "signatures" for key variations and alterations of dentin and cementum in both primary (deciduous) and permanent teeth. The material "signature" will be defined by characteristic microstructures, composition and selected properties (mechanical and demineralization) for each form or variation of dental hard tissue. We hypothesize that the "signatures" will provide a unique identifier for each alteration. These "signatures" should prove instrumental for developing improved clinical approaches to preventive and conservative, restorative dentistry. We will carry out this work in an ordered, repeated measures design involving a variety of advanced methods including x-ray tomographic microscopy (XTM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) for imaging, demineralization and nanoindentation measurements, small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and other standard tools, allowing determination of characteristics of mineral, and collagen fibril structure, repeat distances and cross-links. Aim 1 will define the "signature" for transparent dentin associated with coronal caries and attrition in primary and permanent dentin; sclerotic cervical lesions, endodontically treated teeth, and aging of the root. It will also evaluate the mineral level, structure and nanomechanical properties variations of the zones in active and arrested root caries, and identify unique characteristics of dentin associated with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta (DI-II). Aim 2 will focus on changes associated with collagen cross-link patterns and fibril structure for each variation. Aim 3 evaluates the "signature" of secondary and tertiary dentin in primary and permanent teeth, and evaluates the dependence of tertiary dentin "signature" on the nature of the stimulus. Aim 4 will determine the age-dependent key components of the "signature" i.e., structure and properties of cellular and acellular cementum, the cementun-dentin junction (CDJ), and the cementun-enamel junction (CEJ) using the same approach and generally the same teeth as those used for dentin. The "signatures" from this project will provide fundamental information that will be used to develop a model in Project II, understand the substrate for bonding in Project III and will serve as a baseline for comparison with the "signatures" of mouse teeth in Project IV.