Sibling Socialization Effects: A Twin-Friend Design

描述（由申请人提供）：拟定研究将检查同胞 社会化效应和发展的发病，非攻击性 行为问题调查的目的是了解在什么情况下 兄弟姐妹关系促进越轨行为发展的条件 行为这项研究是第一个时间点的纵向分析， 兄弟姐妹关系、同伴经历和 青少年犯罪基于生物社会和社会的假设 学习理论，将测试与每个目标。三个目标 本研究的主要内容是：（1）采用独特的设计，考察儿童的性格特点 在童年中期的兄弟姐妹关系;（2）检查双胞胎和朋友 行为问题、认知能力、个性和同伴的相似性 （3）检验双胞胎/兄弟姐妹关系对 同伴经历和行为问题之间的联系。新颖的设计 包括342对8至11岁的儿童（及其父母） 在6对同龄双胞胎中：57对同卵双胞胎，57对同性异卵双胞胎 对，57对异性双卵双胞胎，57对同性、同龄、无关 兄弟姐妹对，57对异性，同龄，无关对和57个朋友-朋友 对.从婴儿期起就在一起长大的同龄无血缘关系的兄弟姐妹复制了 双胞胎，但没有遗传关系。此外，每个人的一个朋友 同性双胞胎中的一对将通过电话接受采访。一 将使用多种方法来评估相关构建体（例如， 标准化评估、家长和孩子报告、社会观察 互动，以及与父母、兄弟姐妹和朋友的电话采访）。 相互尊重、竞争、合作、温暖、冲突和 将评估兄弟姐妹关系中的时间参与。多 还将审查儿童的友谊和同龄群体的各个方面， 亲子关系的质量。儿童的作用， 并探讨朋友的个人特点及兴趣。结果 措施将包括评估儿童的攻击程度， 青少年犯罪，孤独，抑郁和焦虑，以及儿童 个性特征和认知能力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study will examine sibling socialization effects and the development of adolescent-onset, non-aggressive behavior problems. The goal of the investigation is to understand under what conditions the sibling relationship promotes the development of deviant behavior. The study is the first time point in a longitudinal analysis of connections between sibling relationships, peer experiences, and adolescent-onset delinquency. Hypotheses, based on biosocial and social learning theories, will be tested in relation to each aim. The three aims of the study are: (1) To apply a unique design to examine the nature of childrens sibling relationships during middle childhood; (2) To examine twin and friend similarity in behavior problems, cognitive abilities, personality, and peer experiences; (3) To test a model of twin/sibling relationship effects on connections between peer experiences and behavior problems. The novel design includes 342 pairs of children (and their parents) between 8 and 11 years old in six same-age dyads: 57 monozygotic twin pairs, 57 same-sex dizygotic twin pairs, 57 opposite-sex dizygotic twin pairs, 57 same-sex, same-aged, unrelated sibling pairs, 57 opposite-sex, same-aged, unrelated pairs and 57 friend-friend pairs. Same-age, unrelated siblings raised together since infancy replicate the twin situation but without genetic relatedness. In addition, a friend of each twin in the same-sex twin pairs will be interviewed over the telephone. A variety of methods will be used to assess the relevant constructs (e.g., standardized assessments, parent and child reports, observations of social interaction, and telephone interviews with parents, siblings, and friends). Levels of mutual respect, competition, cooperation, warmth, conflict, and temporal involvement in the sibling relationship will be assessed. Multiple aspects of the childrens friendships and peer groups will be examined, as well as the quality of the parent-child relationships. The role of childrens and friends personal characteristics and interests will be also explored. Outcome measures will include assessments of childrens levels of aggression, delinquency, loneliness, depression, and anxiety, as well as childrens personality characteristics and cognitive abilities.