Functionalised nanoparticle films for the targeted detection of particular analytes at low concentrations using surface-enhanced resonance Raman spec

功能化的纳米颗粒膜被用于使用表面增强共振拉曼光谱（SERRS）在低浓度下对特定分析物的靶向检测。薄膜是通过控制纳米粒子迁移到两种不混溶液体之间的界面而形成的。这是通过添加一种物质来实现的，该物质通过修饰或促进来改变柠檬酸盐稳定的纳米颗粒上存在的表面电荷。修饰需要结合到纳米颗粒表面并改变疏水性的物质。促进通过使用一种破坏纳米颗粒之间静电力的物质来起作用。除了纳米颗粒液-液界面之外，固体基底也将用于相同的目的。在这种情况下，Re络合物被设计成充当改性物质。这项工作涉及的集合的Re为中心的配合物的合成与配体物种，这有助于与复合物的纳米粒子和传感能力的结合。复合物充分修饰纳米颗粒，因此膜形成是成功的。配体本身是联吡啶衍生物，其涉及相对容易的合成，然后与Re络合形成络合物。纳米颗粒的改性也很容易通过简单地将Re络合物溶液添加到一定体积的纳米颗粒中来实现。然后可以在与水不混溶的溶剂的存在下摇动改性的纳米颗粒。当在界面处形成金属膜时，观察到膜形成。一旦制备了官能化的膜，在用含有分析物的溶液洗涤之前测试它们的SERRS活性。传感依赖于在加入目标物质后复合物的拉曼响应的变化。一旦观察到所需的相互作用，就可以评估平台的选择性和检测限。

Functionalised nanoparticle films are being employed for the targeted detection of particular analytes at low concentrations using surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS). The films are formed through the controlled migration of the nanoparticles to the interface between two immiscible liquids. This is achieved through the addition of a species that alters the surface charge present on citrate-stabilised nanoparticles through either modification or promotion. Modifying requires a species that binds to the surface of the nanoparticle and changing the hydrophobicity. Promotion works by using a species that disrupts the electrostatic forces between the nanoparticles. In addition to nanoparticle liquid-liquid interfaces, solid substrates will also be employed for the same purpose. In this instance, the Re complexes are designed to act as a modifying species. The work involves the synthesis of a collection of Re centred complexes with ligand species that aid with both the binding of the complex to the nanoparticle and the sensing capabilities. The complexes modify the nanoparticle sufficiently so film formation is successful. The ligands themselves are bipyridyl derivatives that involve a relatively easy synthesis and then complexation with Re to form the complexes. Modification of the nanoparticles is also easily achieved through simple addition of a Re complex solution to a volume of nanoparticles. The modified nanoparticles can then be shaken in the presence of a solvent that is immiscible with water. Film formation is observed when a metallic film forms at the interface. Once the functionalised films have been produced, they are tested for their SERRS activity before being washed with solutions containing the analyte. Sensing is reliant on changes to the Raman response of the complex upon the addition of the targeted species. Once the desired interaction has been observed, the selectivity and limits of detection of the platform can be assessed.