Imaging the fine-scale velocity structure, the physical properties and the sedimentary faulting that controls the fluid flow within the gas-charged se

碳捕获和储存是一种低碳技术，它捕获发电过程中排放的二氧化碳，以便安全和永久地储存在地下，例如在枯竭的油田和气田内。在储集层中安全地储存二氧化碳需要对覆盖层的物理性质和相关的流体路径有很好的了解。在沉积物埋藏过程中，沉积物的孔隙度降低，流体通过水力压裂形成的烟囱和管道结构垂直流动。为了评估二氧化碳储存库的泄漏潜力，关键是要了解这些烟囱和管道结构的形成机理和寿命。由喷发的流体造成的海底陨石坑，称为麻点，为研究流体通道和烟囱和管道结构的物理特性提供了天然的类似物。2017年，在北海天然气逸出区扫描仪麻点附近进行了一次最先进的海底地震勘探，以了解与浅层沉积物中的天然气泄漏有关的物理过程。该项目的目的是确定精细尺度的速度结构、薄含气层的物性以及控制流体流动的沉积断层。

Carbon Capture and Storage is a low carbon technology which captures the CO2 emitted during power generation, to securely and permanently store underground, for example within depleted oil and gas fields. Securely storing the CO2 within a reservoir requires a good knowledge of the physical properties of the overburden and the associated fluid pathways. During burial of sediments, the porosity of sediments decreases and fluids migrate vertically through chimney and pipe structures created by hydro-fracturing. In order to assess the leakage potential of a CO2 storage reservoir, it is critical to develop an understanding of the formation mechanisms and the longevity of these chimney and pipe structures. Seabed craters caused by erupting fluids, called pockmarks, provide natural analogues for studying the fluid pathways and the physical properties of chimney and pipe structures. In 2017, a state of the art ocean bottom seismic survey was acquired around a natural gas escape zone, Scanner Pockmark, North Sea to gain knowledge about the physical processes related to gas escape from shallow sediments. The aim of this project is to determine the fine-scale velocity structure, and the physical properties of thin gas-charged layers and the sedimentary faulting that controls the fluid-flow.