Greek and Latin in contact: Roman Corinth

除其他外，英语的影响引起了很多关注，因为它是我们社会的弗兰卡。与现代情况相比，拉丁语是罗马帝国的弗兰卡。由于这些原因，尽管众所周知希腊语被认为是罗马人的文化语言，并对拉丁语产生了明显的影响，但拉丁语对希腊语的影响值得更多的关注。本研究的目的是评估拉丁语的影响（特别是形态和句法）在希腊铭文的选择。这些作品涉及古代世界拉丁语和希腊语之间的语言接触和双语的关键方面，但与我将在拟议的研究中采用的重点不同。他们要么专注于拉丁语，要么只研究罗马统治早期阶段或罗马帝国不同领土的文本材料。尚待完成的是形态和句法特征的分析，这些特征显示了科林斯帝国时期的金石材料中拉丁语对希腊语的影响。基于历史社会语言学的研究成果和前面提到的研究，本研究的主要问题是：所研究的文本有什么独特的特征？是否可以确定在文本中使用拉丁语是有意识的和有意的？是否有大量的例子说明单个单词和/或句法从一种语言转换到另一种语言？科林斯语言使用的这些方面与同期其他地方的使用情况相比如何？在这些发现中可以观察到时间顺序的发展吗？研究将以语料库为基础。科林斯人在这段时期内的铭文主要见于Meritt（1931年）和肯特（1966年）两卷，这两卷收集了该市的发掘结果。其他人收集在第四卷的Inscriptiones Graecae。此外，最近出版（2016年）的Inscriptiones Graecae IV 2（fasc. 3)提供了新的材料之间产生的第四和第六广告，这使得这是一个及时的研究。在这一时期产生的希腊铭文数量约为500- 600。科林斯铭文的分析结果将与同一时期产生的其他材料的研究结果进行比较，首先是金石学，但也是纸莎草学和文学。碑文的来源将采取例如从雅典，帕特雷，奥林匹亚和其他城市属于不同省份的帝国，如亚历山大在埃及，伊斯特罗斯，托米斯和卡拉提斯在莫伊特里亚等，考虑到科林斯不是罗马帝国的一个“正常”希腊城市（König 2001）。研究的方法将从根本上是跨学科的，因为文本的语言特征取决于它们产生的历史和社会背景。

The influence of English, among others, has drawn a lot of attention, since it is the lingua franca of our society. Compared to the modern situation, Latin was the lingua franca of the Roman Empire. For these reasons, even though it is well known that Greek was considered the language of culture among Romans and has had a clear influence on Latin, Latin influence on Greek deserves more attention. The aim of this research is to evaluate the Latin influence (especially morphological and syntactic) in a selection of Greek inscriptions. These works deal with crucial aspects of language contact and bilingualism between Latin and Greek in the ancient world but with a different focus than the one that I will adopt in the proposed research. They either focus on the Latin language or examine only textual material from the earlier phases of the Roman domination or different territories of the Roman empire. What is yet to be done is the analysis of morphological and syntactic features that show Latin influence on Greek in epigraphic material from the imperial period in Corinth. Based on both the findings of historical socio-linguistics and the previously mentioned studies, some of the main problems that this research aims to investigate are the following:What are the distinctive features of the texts under examination?Can it be determined if the use of Latin in the texts was conscious and intended?Are there numerous examples of single-word and/or syntactic switches from one language to the other?How do these aspects of language use in Corinth compare to usage elsewhere during the same period?Can a chronological development be observed in these findings?The study will be corpus-based. The Corinthian inscriptions written over the period under examination are found mostly in the volumes Meritt (1931) and Kent (1966), which collect the results of excavations in the city. Others are collected in volume IV of the Inscriptiones Graecae. In addition, the recent publication (2016) of the Inscriptiones Graecae IV2 (fasc. 3) made available new material produced between IV and VI AD, which makes this a timely study. The Greek inscriptions produced during the period investigated number approximately 500-600.The results of the analysis of the Corinthian inscriptions will be compared with the ones obtained from the study of other material produced in the same period, first of all epigraphic, but also papyrological and literary. The epigraphic sources will be taken for example from Athens, Patras, Olympia and from other cities belonging to different provinces of the empire, like Alexandria in Egypt, Istros, Tomis and Callatis in Moesia Inferior etc., taking into account that Corinth was not a "normal" Greek city in the Roman empire (König 2001). The approach to the study will be fundamentally interdisciplinary since the linguistic characteristics of the texts depend on the historical and social context in which they had been produced.