Quantum electronics: Nitrogen-Vacancy centres in diamond and spin defects

氮空位（NV）中心是金刚石中具有自旋1基态的点缺陷。它们具有许多有用的性质，如光致发光、长自旋退相干时间和自旋选择性系间交叉，这些性质允许使用绿色光子对量子态进行光学初始化或自旋极化，以及使用荧光红色光子进行光学读出。量子态可以在室温下使用脉冲微波进行操纵。金刚石中的NV中心是量子计算机、脉泽、量子存储器和量子传感等应用的一个有前途的平台。2018年展示了使用金刚石中的光泵NV中心的连续波室温固态脉泽。本项目将进一步研究这一技术，并结合理论和实验工作。量子光学理论将被用来开发电子和核磁自旋共振和腔耦合NV自旋系综的动力学模型。这些模型将用于模拟新型金刚石脉泽器件，并用于通知新的实验工作：调查腔量子电动力学的坏腔和强耦合制度，改进光谱技术，如光学检测磁共振和开发新的基于脉泽的设备。

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres are point defects in diamond that have spin one ground states. They many useful properties such as photoluminescence, long spin decoherence times and spin-selective intersystem crossing that allows optical initialisation or spin polarization of quantum states with green photons and optical readout using fluoresced red photons. The quantum states can be manipulated using pulsed microwaves at room temperature. NV centres in diamond are a promising platform for applications such as quantum computer, masers, quantum memory and quantum sensing. A continuous-wave room-temperature solid-state maser using optically pumped NV centres in diamond was demonstrated in 2018. This project will investigate this technology further and combines both theoretical and experimental work. Quantum optics theory will be used to develop models of electron and nuclear magnetic spin resonance and the dynamics of cavity-coupled NV spin ensembles. These models will be used to simulate novel diamond maser devices and used to inform novel experimental work: investigating the bad-cavity and strong-coupling regimes of cavity quantum electrodynamics, improving spectroscopic techniques such as optically detected magnetic resonance and developing new maser-based devices.