CARCINOGENESIS AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT

描述(申请者描述)：本培训计划的目标 我要S培养出有资格进行原创性研究的青年科学家 在与癌症相关的化学科学方面的贡献，无论是它的预防 通过化疗来治疗。十名化学教员 部门构成核心研究团队，教育部门围绕该团队 该计划的产品已经建立。博士后考生被录取 计划首先完成严格挑选的课程和考试后 他们集中在几个可用的研究领域之一，也 适用于博士后实习生，用于他们的博士论文。包括在 这项服务是关于致癌的分子基础的项目， 抗癌药物的作用机理研究及新型抗癌药物的合成 包括组合化学和化疗的新方法 通过研究细胞表面和信号转导进行干预。一个 引入了一项新的要求，博士后助理必须修一门 与癌症生物学直接相关的课程。具体项目包括 细胞对DNA损伤的反应；机制和合成研究 铂类抗癌药物.致癌物分析的化学方法 代谢；DNA损伤、致癌与癌症的分子生物标记物 流行病学；嘌呤生物合成作为新的抗肿瘤药物的合适靶点 药物；核糖核苷酸还原酶抑制剂；博莱霉素类和烯二炔类 抗肿瘤抗生素.类肝素的合成和生物化学研究 糖胺多聚糖；烟青素系列天然产品的用途 探索；开发适用于以下方面的综合方法学 组合化学和快速吞吐量筛选；以及 准备抗癌剂。除了他们的研究，毕业生和 该项目的博士后学生需要扩大他们的知识 通过参加定期安排的研讨会计划和旅行 参加重要的科学会议。在麻省理工学院，学员们展示他们的研究成果， 听取他们的同事的演讲，并听取由 大波士顿社区的研究人员。其中包括 流行病学家和临床肿瘤学家以及基础科学家，给出 学员们全面了解了环境因素在 癌症的病因学与化疗的预防与临床 疾病的管理。在国家和国际会议上， 培训补助金提供论文并参加与其工作相关的会议 自己的项目以及培训补助金上其他人的项目。他们的 然后，在返回时将经验与项目中的其他学员联系起来 去麻省理工学院。科学行为规范教育和科学道德教育 需要通过指定的阅读和参与定期安排的 与教师举行会议，介绍和讨论案例研究。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Description): The objective of this training program i s to produce young scientists qualified to make original research contributions in the chemical sciences related to cancer, both its prevention and treatment by chemotherapy. Ten faculty members of the Chemistry Department constitute the core research team around which the educational offerings of the program are built. Predoctoral candidates admitted to the program first complete a rigorous selection of courses and examinations after which they concentrate in one of several available research areas, also available to postdoctoral trainees, for their Ph.D. dissertation. Included in this offering are projects in the molecular basis of carcinogenesis, mechanistic studies of anticancer drugs, the synthesis of new antitumor agents including combinatorial chemistry, and new approaches to chemotherapeutic intervention through the study of cell surfaces and signal transduction. A new requirement has been introduced that postdoctoral associates take one course of direct relevance to cancer biology. Specific projects include cellular responses to DNA damage; mechanistic and synthetic studies of platinum anticancer drugs; chemical methods for the analysis of carcinogen metabolism; DNA damage, carcinogenesis and molecular biomarkers for cancer epidemiology; purine biosynthesis as an appropriate target for new antitumor agents; inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductases; bleomycins and enediynes as antitumor antibiotics; synthetic and biochemical studies of heparin-like glycosaminoglycans; the use of the fumagillin family of natural products as probes; the development of general synthetic methodology appropriate for combinatorial chemistry and rapid throughput screening; and strategies to prepare anticancer agents. In addition to their research, graduate and postdoctoral students in the program are required to expand their knowledge through participation in a regularly scheduled seminar program and by travel to key scientific meetings. At MIT, trainees present their research results, listen to presentations by their colleagues, and hear a variety of lectures by c a n c er researchers in the greater Boston community. Included are epidemiologists and clinical oncologists as well as basic scientists, to give the trainees a comprehensive picture of the roles of environmental factors in the etiology of cancer and of chemotherapy in the prevention and clinical management of the disease. At national and international meetings, members of the training grant give papers and attend sessions on work related to their own project as well as the projects of others on the training grant. Their experiences are then related to other trainees in the program upon returning to MIT. Education in the proper conduct of science and in scientific ethics is required through assigned readings and participation in regularly scheduled sessions with the faculty in which case studies are presented and discussed.