Cognitive neuroscience of body knowledge

描述(申请人提供)：运动控制系统的目标是将效应器指向目标，这项任务要求系统管理动作目标、运动指令和感觉反馈之间的关系。这是一个复杂的过程，人们仍然知之甚少。基于最近对运动控制的描述以及我们到目前为止的工作，我们建议对神经功能障碍患者进行一系列调查，以检验关于感觉和运动信息在动作和心理运动想象中相互作用的具体假设。为了促进我们对动作起源中运动计划和反馈之间关系的理解，我们提出如下建议：(1)进行一系列调查，动机是运动控制，其中包括运动规划的内部模型和多种反馈机制。(2)通过对脑局灶性病变的研究，探讨运动控制和反馈系统各组成部分的解剖学基础。(3)通过对继发于周围神经系统损害的“去传入”患者的研究，探讨感觉信息在运动控制中的作用以及神经系统对这种信息丢失的适应机制。本研究具有重要的理论意义和临床意义。从理论上讲，这些研究应该对身体表征和运动控制系统的认知结构及其潜在的解剖学基础提供重要的见解。由于对局灶性病变患者运动控制系统的系统探索很少，这些数据将补充和扩展其他研究领域的结果。这项工作的潜在临床意义也是显而易见的。运动障碍是神经损伤的一种常见的、往往是致残的后果。了解运动控制的大脑基础和身体图式可能会对针对这些表征的干预措施的发展做出实质性贡献。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of motor control systems is to direct an effecter to a target, a task that requires the system to manage the relationships between the goal of the action, motor commands and sensory feedback. This is a complex process that remains poorly understood. Based on recent accounts of motor control as well as our work to date, we propose a series of investigations in patients with neurologic dysfunction that will test specific hypotheses regarding the interaction of sensory and motor information in action and mental motor imagery. In service of the general goal of advancing our understanding of the relationship between motor plans and feedback in the genesis of action we propose the following: (1) To perform a series of investigations motivated by an account of motor control that incorporates internal models for motor planning and multiple mechanisms for feedback. (2) To investigate the anatomic bases of the components of the motor control and feedback systems by studying subjects with well-delineated focal brain lesions. (3) To investigate the role of sensory information in motor control and the mechanism by which the nervous system adapts to the loss of this information by studying patients with "deafferentation" secondary to peripheral nervous system lesions. The proposed investigations have both theoretical and clinical significance. From a theoretical standpoint, these studies should offer important insights into the cognitive architecture of body representations and motor control systems and their underlying anatomic bases. As there has been little systematic exploration of the motor control system in patients with focal lesions, these data will complement and extend results from other research domains. The potential clinical significance of this work is also clear. Motor deficits are a common and often disabling consequence of neural injury. Understanding the cerebral basis of motor control and the body schema is likely to contribute substantially to the development of interventions that target these representations.