Optical Imaging of Breast Cancer

描述（由申请人提供）：X射线乳腺摄影是目前的临床 乳腺癌的早期诊断然而，乳房X光检查是电离的， 对于放射密度高的患者， 乳房组织这些患者代表了 绝经前妇女以及患有纤维囊性组织病的妇女。然而， 年轻女性的癌症往往更致命，生长更快。 因此，迫切需要寻求替代办法， 与X光乳房X光检查相关的问题， 传统X射线乳腺摄影的优秀辅助工具或竞争工具。 非电离、无创近红外光学成像具有巨大的潜力， 成为乳腺癌检测的一个很有前途的替代方案。基于 在这方面的最新发展，我们已经确定了一个光学成像 这种方法结合了现代光学技术和强大的计算能力。 我们的试点临床研究表明，乳腺肿瘤可以检测到使用 光学成像，这表明临床应用的可能性， 该技术用于乳房成像和乳房病变检测表征。 我们在这个项目中的具体目标包括：（一）继续发展这两个 生成图像所需的二维和三维计算机算法， (2)改进的光学成像系统的构造和测试 三维断层数据采集;（3）评价与优化 该系统的使用组织体模实验，和（4）测试这种光学 人体成像系统。我们相信这项研究的成功 将提供坚实的证据，简单的稳态，连续波光学 结合基于模型的成像的方法 数据提供了一种与乳腺癌临床相关的成像方法， 侦测

DESCRIPTION (Provided by Applicant): X-ray mammography is the current clinical tool used for breast cancer detection. However, mammography is ionizing radiation and has unacceptable false negative rate for patients with radiodense breast tissues. These patients represent the general population of premenopausal women as well as those with fibrocystic tissue disease. Yet, cancer in younger women tends to be more virulent and grow faster. Consequently, there is a critical need to seek alternatives that could overcome the problems associated with x-ray mammography and that could become an excellent adjunct or competitive tool to conventional x-ray mammography. Non-ionizing, noninvasive near-infrared optical imaging has great potential to become such promising alternative for breast cancer detection. Based on the very recent development in this regard, we have identified an optical imaging method that combines both modern optical techniques and powerful computations. Our pilot clinical studies have shown that breast tumors can be detected using optical imaging, which indicates the possibility of clinical application of this technique for breast imaging and breast lesion detection characterization. Our specific aims in this project include (I) continued development of both two- and three-dimensional computer algorithms needed for generating images, (2) construction and test of an improved optical imaging system using three-dimensional tomographic data collection, (3) evaluation and optimization of this system using tissue phantom experiments, and (4) test of this optical imaging system in human subjects. We believe that the success of this research will provide solid evidence that simple steady-state, continuous-wave optical methods coupled with model-based image formation from tomographically measured data offers an imaging methodology with clinical relevance to the breast cancer detection.