Putting the Accessible Filmmaking Model into Practice: An Exploration of Media Accessibility and Translation as a Collaborative Process

为感官受损和外国观众制作的可翻译和翻译版本的电影通常是在电影制作的发行阶段制作的，电影制作人的投入很少（Zdenek，2015）。这种模式可能会对这些版本的质量产生负面影响，因为它们的生产仍然在电影制片人的控制之外（Romero-Fresco，2013年），导致无障碍专业人员的误解（Udo& Fels，2009）以及违背电影制片人意愿对翻译中的电影进行修改（de Higes-Andino，2014）。我的研究涉及一种称为无障碍电影制作的替代模式，它将电影制作人聚集在一起，媒体无障碍专业人员和翻译人员合作制作无障碍和简化版本的电影，以提高其无障碍性（Romero-Fresco，2013年）。为了探索这一合作过程以及无障碍和翻译在不同制作阶段的整合，本研究将无障碍电影制作应用于即将上映的故事片卓别林（米德尔顿和斯平尼），由BFI资助。它还将通过将最终用户作为感官受损的顾问纳入这一过程来扩展这一模式。作为电影的可访问性和翻译总监，我将通过参与式观察进行民族志实地考察。我将协调无障碍版本的制作（为听障人士提供字幕;为视障人士提供音频描述），并为外语字幕制作者创建一个指南。实地调查将在片场进行，并在电影制片人和无障碍专业人员之间举行会议，我将通过音频记录收集数据，论文将报告可及性和翻译在多大程度上成功地融入了电影的制作。它将分析这一合作过程对无障碍版本和翻译版本以及对原始电影的影响，还将介绍新的专业人士（感官受损顾问和无障碍和

Accessible and translated versions of films for sensory-impaired and foreign viewers are typically producedduring the distribution stage of film production, with minimal input from filmmakers (Zdenek, 2015). Thismodel can have negative effects on the quality of these versions, as their production remains outsidefilmmakers' control (Romero-Fresco, 2013), leading to mis-interpretations by accessibility professionals (Udo& Fels, 2009) and to the alteration of films in translation against filmmakers' wishes (de Higes-Andino,2014).My research concerns an alternative model called accessible filmmaking which brings together filmmakers,media accessibility professionals and translators to collaboratively produce accessible and translatedversions of films with the aim of improving their accessibility (Romero-Fresco, 2013). To explore thiscollaborative process and the integration of accessibility and translation into the different productionstages, the research applies accessible filmmaking to the forthcoming feature film Chaplin (Middleton &Spinney), funded by the BFI. It will also extend the model by including end users in this process as sensory-impaired consultants.Working as the film's director of accessibility and translation, I will conduct ethnographic fieldwork throughparticipant observation. I will coordinate the production of the accessible versions (subtitles for the hearing-impaired; audio description for the visually-impaired) and create a guide for foreign-language subtitlers.The fieldwork will take place on set and in meetings between filmmakers and accessibility professionals,and I will collect data via audio recordings, fieldnotes and interviews.The written thesis will report on the extent to which accessibility and translation were successfullyintegrated into the film's production. It will analyse the impact of this collaborative process on theaccessible and translated versions and on the original film, and it will also present new professional figures(sensory-impaired consultants and the director of accessibility and