MARIJUANA EFFECTS ON BASIC BEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS

这项申请寻求实现两大目标：(A) 使用基于实验室的程序来调查 大麻(即-9THC)对受试者基本行为机制的影响；以及 (B)推广这些方法学战略，以确定 吸食大麻的青少年(15-18岁)的潜在残留效应 长期如此。为此，详细说明了应用程序的具体目标 下面。在过去的十年里，美国的大麻使用量迅速增加， 在青少年中非常普遍。大量吸食大麻与 有许多临床上相关的结果，包括学习和记忆 赤字、辍学和失业。生物学和行为学 影响这些有害结果的机制(这两者都会影响 个人和社区)还没有得到很好的理解。初步数据来自 我们的实验室和最近的神经科学研究表明，基础强化 可能涉及财产。因此，本研究将调查 大麻对基本强化过程的影响，在成人和 在长期使用的青少年中仍有残留。提出了五项研究，重点是 大麻对(A)对奖励的敏感性，(B)激励过程， 以及(C)行为改变和抑制。行为科学已经证明了 变量对适应行为很重要。这些项目将衡量 三种剂量水平的大麻对成人的急性影响，并提供 大量吸食大麻的青少年的模拟测量(通过 尿中大麻素水平和自我报告)。这些实验将使用 使用选择范例的实验室程序与历史 易于理解和明确定义的参数。总而言之，这些研究是 旨在帮助阐明大麻对基础学习的影响 机制，以及大麻在社会危害性疾病病因中的作用 行为。

This application seeks to achieve two broad objectives: (a) to employ laboratory-based procedures to investigate the acute effects of marijuana (i.e., -9 THC) on basic behavioral mechanisms in human subjects; and (b) to extend these methodological strategies in order to characterize potential residual effects in adolescents (15-18 years old) who use marijuana chronically. To that end, the specific aims of the application are detailed below. Marijuana use in the US has increased rapidly over the past decade, and is exceedingly prevalent among adolescents. Heavy marijuana use is associated with a number of clinically relevant outcomes, including learning and memory deficits, dropping out of school, and unemployment. The biological and behavior mechanisms that influence these detrimental outcomes (which effect both individuals and communities) are not yet well understood. Preliminary data from our laboratory and recent neuroscience studies suggest that basic reinforcement properties may be involved. Accordingly, the present studies will investigate marijuana effects on basic reinforcement processes, both acutely in adults and residually in chronic-using adolescents. Five studies are proposed, focused on marijuana effects on (a) sensitivity to rewards, (b) motivational processes, and (c) behavioral change and inhibition. Behavioral science has shown these variables to be important for adaptive behavior. The projects will measure acute marijuana effects in adult humans across three dose levels, and provide analogue measurement of adolescents with heavy marijuana use (measured by urinary cannabinoid levels and self-reports). The experiments will employ laboratory procedures that utilize choice paradigms with historically well-understood and clearly defined parameters. Collectively, these studies are designed to help elucidate the effects of marijuana on basic learning mechanisms, and the role of marijuana in the etiology of socially detrimental behavior.