Weight Loss and CVD Risk Factors

描述（由申请人提供）：如果个人通过减肥获得BMI为25，他们是否平均获得了在一段时间内保持BMI为25的个人的风险因素概况？目前，对这个问题的回答几乎没有证据。体重减轻对糖尿病和心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素的有益影响已被充分证明，然而，高体重史对危险因素的影响尚不清楚。个人可能会为过去的肥胖付出代价，这似乎是合乎逻辑的，例如，目前体重相同的人，根据他们的体重历史，会有不同的风险概况。然而，目前尚不清楚以前体重较重（即体重减轻）的人是否比体重相似但有体重维持史的人有更高的风险。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): If individuals lose weight to acquire a BMI of 25, do they, on average, acquire the risk factor profile of individuals who have over a period of time maintained a BMI of 25? Currently there is little evidence on which to base a response to this question. The beneficial effects of weight loss on risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are well documented, however, the effect of a history of higher weight on risk factors is unclear. It seems logical that individuals might pay a price for past obesity, such that individuals currently at the same weight would have different risk profiles depending on their weight history. Nevertheless, it is not clear if individuals who were previously heavier (i.e., lost weight) retain a higher risk compared to individuals of similar weight with a history of weight maintenance. The research proposed here will: 1. Determine whether individuals who lose weight attain different mean levels of risk factors for CVD compared to individuals with the same BMI (at the end of the interval) who maintained their weight. 2. Determine whether CVD risk factors in weight maintainers and weight losers (as defined in Aim 1) are different after an additional year in which both groups maintained weight. 3. Establish whether physical activity, physical fitness, and dieting contribute to differences between weight maintainers and weight losers (as defined in Aims 1 and 2). We will accomplish these aims through analysis of extant data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS). Risk factors examined will include fasting glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, The repeated measures of body weight and CVD risk factors assessed in the ACLS cohort make it a rich source for these analyses, This research will have strong implications for understanding and clarifying the possible benefits of weight loss, The proposed project is responsive to PA-03-015.