Bacterial Transformation of Eukaryotes: The Host Factors

描述(申请人提供)：15%至20%的人类癌症 是由病毒和细菌引起的，包括乳头状瘤病毒， 乙肝病毒、Epstein-Barr病毒和Heticoter细菌 塔架。引人注目的是，这些病原体与根癌农杆菌有共同的特征。 在植物中引起癌症肿瘤的细菌，能够从基因上 转化酵母菌，也是一个极其简便的实验系统。许多 根癌农杆菌毒力基因对酵母和植物(寄主)都是必不可少的。 细胞转化，提示参与的保守宿主因子 在转型的过程中。因此，根癌农杆菌对酵母菌的转化 酿酒酵母可以提供一个很好的模型来了解传染性 毒剂会导致人类的恶性肿瘤。 虽然已经鉴定了几个根癌农杆菌毒力决定因素， 细菌转化所必需的宿主细胞因子仍然难以捉摸。 这项研究的主要目标是确定宿主细胞的基本因素 用于真核生物的细菌转化。利用酵母菌转化 我们开发的系统，我们已经开始鉴定酵母突变株 对根癌农杆菌转化的敏感性。随后的标识 导致转化表型频率改变的突变基因 有效地识别关键的主机因素参与者。这部小说 方法应该定义一些对细菌至关重要的宿主因素 真核生物的转化，从而提供了对基本的 感染剂诱发癌症的分子机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Fifteen to twenty percent of human cancers are caused by viral and bacterial pathogens, including papilloma viruses, the hepatitis B virus, the Epstein-Barr virus and the bacterium Heticoba cter pylon. Strikingly, these pathogens share features with A. tumefaciens, a bacterium that elicits cancerous tumors in plants, is capable of genetically transforming yeast, and is also an extremely facile experimental system. Many A. tumefaciens virulence genes are essential for both yeast and plant (host) cell transformation, suggesting the conservation host factors that participate in the transformation process. Thus, A. tumefaciens transformation of the yeast S. cerevisiae can provide an excellent model for understanding how infectious agents cause human malignancies. Although several A. tumefaciens virulence determinants have been identified, host cell factors essential for bacterial transformation have remained elusive. The primary objective of this study is to define host cell factors essential for bacterial transformation of eukaryotes. Using the yeast transformation system we developed, we have begun to identify yeast mutants altered in their sensitivity to A. tumefaciens transformation. Subsequent identification of the mutant genes responsible for the altered frequency of transformation phenotype effectively identifies the critical host factor participants. This novel approach should define a number of host factors essential for bacterial transformation of eukaryotes, thereby providing insights into the basic molecular mechanisms underlying infectious agent induced carcinomas.