Learning lessons: Informing suicide prevention from a documentary analysis of Child Practice Reviews (CPRs) and Adult Practice Reviews (APRs)

在弱势儿童或成人发生严重事件（最常见的是死亡）时，进行儿童实践审查和成人实践审查（威尔士政府2016a； 2016b）。他们提供了如何从具体案例中吸取教训以指导实践的见解，主要是为了减轻未来的事件（sidbotham et al. 2016）。迄今为止，还没有全面系统地审查所有可能发生自杀死亡的心肺复苏术和心肺复苏术。因此，该项目将利用这些有价值的数据来源，探索如何更好地为服务提供信息，以保护面临自杀风险的弱势群体。本课题所要解决的研究问题如下：1。在易受伤害的成人和儿童自杀之前，通常有哪些社会心理环境？这些情况如何因人口统计学（年龄，性别等）的不同而不同？可以向服务提供者提出什么建议，以减少未来易受伤害的儿童和成人的自杀事件？为了调查研究问题，将采用文献分析对2013-2020年可能发生自杀死亡的所有apr和cpr进行系统回顾。将进行内容分析，将信息组织成广泛的类别，然后是深入的主题分析，在此期间，将进行编码和类别构建，以揭示紧急主题（Bowen 2009）。为了调查研究问题3，将使用先前对apr和cpr研究中建立的主题代码作为参考点（Robinson et al. 2018; Rees et al. 2019）。这些数据将通过批判现实主义的哲学视角进行分析。这将涉及到“回溯”推理的应用，利用文献数据中的理论和观察的整合，对脆弱个体的自杀风险模式和因果关系进行上下文推断（Archer等人，2009；2011年5月）。实践审查的样本将从国家独立保障委员会获得。该研究将遵守卡迪夫大学社会研究伦理委员会的指导方针，由于数据的敏感性，将特别考虑匿名和数据存储。

Child Practice Reviews (CPRs) and Adult Practice Reviews (APRs) take place where a seriousincident, most commonly a death, has occurred for a vulnerable child or adult (WelshGovernment 2016a; 2016b). They provide insights into how lessons can be learnt fromspecific cases to inform practice, primarily with a view to mitigating future incidents(Sidebotham et al. 2016). To date, there has been no comprehensive attempt tosystematically review all CPRs and APRs where a probable suicide death has occurred.Therefore, this project will utilise these valuable sources of data and explore how services canbe better informed to protect vulnerable people at risk of suicide. The research questions tobe addressed in this project are as follows:1. What psychosocial circumstances commonly precede suicides of vulnerable adults andchildren?2. How do these circumstances differ by demographic (age, gender etc.) of vulnerableindividual who has completed suicide?3. What recommendations can be made to service providers with a view to mitigatefuture incidents of suicide in vulnerable children and adults?To investigate the research questions, documentary analysis will be employed to conduct asystematic review of all APRs and CPRs from 2013-2020 where a probable suicide death hasoccurred. Content analysis will be conducted to organise the information into broadcategories, followed by an in depth thematic analysis, during which coding and categoryconstruction will be undertaken to uncover the emergent themes (Bowen 2009). Toinvestigate research question 3, thematic codes established in previous research of APRs andCPRs will be used as a reference point (Robinson et al. 2018; Rees et al. 2019). The data willbe analysed through the philosophical lens of critical realism. This will involve the applicationof 'retroductive' reasoning, using the integration of theory and observations from thedocumentary data to make contextual inferences about patterns of suicide risk and causalityin vulnerable individuals (Archer et al. 2009; May 2011). The sample of practice reviews willbe obtained from the National Independent Safeguarding Board. The research will abide bythe guidelines of the Cardiff University Social Research Ethics Committee and due to thesensitivity of the data, particular consideration will be given to anonymity and data storage.