Realistic and validated test environments for wave-windcurrent systems

与陆地相比，由于风切变更陡峭、风速更高、对空间的竞争更小，在海上安装风力涡轮机需要在经济上可行，并能够与能源市场上的替代技术竞争。在较深水域(即&gt；60米)生产和安装固定结构物的成本没有竞争力。一个可行的解决方案是使用浮动的子结构，即浮动的海上风力涡轮机(FOWT)，通过系泊绳索和锚固定在海床上。然而，在海上环境条件下，FoWT的运动将是不同的，在设计这些结构时需要考虑其他方面。例如，水轮机和浮子之间的耦合效应会影响水轮机的性能。气动载荷对系统的阻尼力有贡献，平均气动推力载荷对系泊载荷有影响，旋翼上的平均力矩会对旋翼产生横倾力矩。此外，某些类型的浮动结构的陀螺力矩可能很大，这可能会激发不需要的运动，例如偏航力矩。

The installation of wind turbines offshore, due to the steeper wind shear, higher wind speeds and less competition for space compared to on-land, needs to be economically viable and capable of competing with alternate technologies in the energy market. The cost of production and installation of fixed structures in deeper waters (i.e.>60 m), is not competitive. A viable solution is the use of floating substructures, floating offshore wind turbines (FOWT), attached to the seabed by mooring lines and anchors. However, the motions of a FOWT exposed to the environmental conditions at sea will be different and added aspects need to be taken into account when designing these structures. For example, the coupled effects between the turbine and the floater will influence the performance of the turbine. Aerodynamic loads will contribute for the damping of the system, the mean aerodynamic thrust loads will have an impact on the mooring loads and the mean torque on the rotor will generate heeling moments on the rotor. Additionally, gyroscopic moments for some types of floating structures may be significant, which may excite unwanted motions, for example yaw moments.