An Infrared Fiber Optic Based Guidance System for DBS

描述(由申请人提供)： 脑深部刺激可用于治疗多种神经和精神疾病。对于帕金森氏病患者的治疗，有必要将电极精确地放置在靶核的中心。精确的电极放置可提供最佳的治疗效果，同时将可能的副作用降至最低。目前，电极的最终坐标是通过电生理标测来确定的。这是一个缓慢而艰苦的过程，并不是没有潜在的并发症。我们建议开发和评估两种程序来补充现有的微电极标测程序。将使用基于光纤的探头，仅使用单个电极束来光学绘制STN和GPI的边界。我们还建议开发一种使用光纤传感器作为微电极组件的一部分来检测血管的方法。 除了在帕金森病的治疗中发挥作用外，即将开发的方法还可能应用于其他神经和精神疾病的立体定向脑部手术。例如，它可以用来更准确地指导脑深部病变的活检。对于难治性癫痫的诊断和治疗，可更安全地指导深部电极的放置。光引导刺激电极有朝一日可能会被用来治疗抑郁症和其他心理障碍。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Deep brain stimulation may be used to treat a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders. For treatment in patients with Parkinsons' disease it is necessary to place the electrode precisely within the center of the target nucleus. Precise electrode placement provides optimal therapeutic results while minimizing possible side effects. Currently, the final coordinates for the electrode is determined by electrophysiological mapping. It is a slow, painstaking process not without potential complications. We propose to develop and evaluate two procedures to compliment current microelectrode mapping procedure. A fiberoptic-based probe will be employed to optically map the boundaries of the STN and GPi using only a single electrode tract. We also propose to develop a method to detect blood vessel using fiber sensors as part of the microelectrode assembly. Besides a role in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, the methods to be developed may be applied to stereotactic brain procedures for other neurological and psychiatric disorders. For example, it could be used to more precisely guide the biopsy of deep seated brain lesions. It could be used to more safely guide the placement of depth electrode for the diagnosis and treatment of refractory seizures. And optically guided stimulating electrodes may someday be used to treat depression and other psychological disorders.