Pharmaceuticals in agriculture - Assessing the impacts of wastewater and irrigation on crop production and soil health

全球有大量的药物用于人类和动物的治疗。这些物质通过动物排泄物、用作肥料的粪便或污水污泥以及废水灌溉直接释放到农业土壤中。它们在农业土壤中的存在已被证明会影响微生物群落、土壤中的抗菌素耐药性(AMR)、土壤功能和作物产量。然而，这一证据基础在很大程度上局限于用于人类和兽药的一小部分药物。此外，污水灌溉可能导致慢性药物暴露，由于夏季干旱增加，未来可能会进一步增加。该项目旨在评估农业土壤长期暴露于处理后废水灌溉产生的各种药物(单一和混合)的影响：1)土壤过程，包括温室气体排放、基础微生物群落、AMR和土壤化学；2)作物发育、产量和质量。这一跨学科项目将涉及使用心境技术和方法进行田间和实验室实验，以揭示处理后废水灌溉对农业土壤中药物引入的意外影响对土壤微生物群落的影响。土壤功能、AMR和作物产量。您将成为约克大学和生态与水文中心(沃林福德)经验丰富、充满活力和互补性研究团队的一员，他们在生态系统中药物的命运和影响、AMR、微生物生态学、温室气体通量和土壤功能研究方面处于研究的前沿。这个项目将在实验设计、田间和实验室实验、微生物方法、温室气体通量测量、土壤和植物分析以及在会议和会议期间传播您的实验结果方面为您提供出色的培训和指导。

Large amounts of pharmaceuticals are used globally for human and animal treatment. These substances are released to agricultural soils directly through animal excreta, via manure orsewage sludge when applied as fertiliser, and by irrigation of wastewater. Their presence in agricultural soils have been shown to affect microbial communities, antimicrobial resistance(AMR) in soils, soil function and crop production.However, this evidence base is largely limited to a small proportion of the pharmaceuticals used in human and veterinary medicine. Moreover, wastewater irrigation may result in chronic pharmaceutical exposure, which is likely to further increase in future due to increased summer droughts.This project aims to assess the implications of long-term exposure of agricultural soils to a wide range of pharmaceuticals (single and in mixtures) resulting from irrigation with treatedwastewater for 1) soil processes including greenhouse gas emissions, the underpinning microbial communities, AMR and soil chemistry, and 2) crop development, yield and quality.This interdisciplinary project will involve field and lab-based experiments using state-of-heart techniques and approaches to unravel the effects of the unintended impacts ofpharmaceuticals introduced to agricultural soils by irrigation with treated wastewater on soil microbial communities, soil function, AMR and crop yields.You will be part of an experienced, dynamic and complementary research team at the University of York and the Centre of Ecology and Hydrology (Wallingford), who are at theforefront of research on the fate and effects of pharmaceuticals in ecosystems, AMR, microbial ecology, and greenhouse gas flux and soil function research.This studentship will provide you with excellent training and guidance in experimental design, field and lab experiments, microbial approaches, greenhouse gas fluxmeasurements, soil and plant analyses, and dissemination of your experimental results during meetings and conferences.