Exercise: An examination of dose-response relationships for women aged 65-74 yr.

澳大利亚老年妇女人数的增加对我们的卫生系统构成了重大挑战。如果要控制慢性病和残疾，并减缓功能能力的下降，就必须为这一重要的澳大利亚人群体制定预防和健康促进战略。一种潜在的干预策略是定期锻炼。然而，如果锻炼要有多个系统的好处，就必须知道锻炼的剂量。我们不知道什么运动处方可以最大限度地提高这些澳大利亚人所需的健康益处。我们建议通过两个涉及65-74岁女性的相关实验来解决这一问题。实验一选择中等强度的跑步机步行30min，每周锻炼频率为1~5次，每周锻炼1次-wk。实验2还将选择中等强度的跑步机步行，每周总锻炼时间(120分钟-周)和训练周数(24周)固定，但每节课(24-120分钟)的锻炼持续时间和每周的锻炼频率不同；5(x 24分钟)到1(x 120分钟)节-周。在每个实验中，每个受试者都将在选定的时间间隔内接受肺功能测试、体脂测试、体能测试和血液测试。将对受试者的腿部肌肉进行单独的健康测试，以帮助我们了解肌肉中直接发生的事情。我们还将进行倾斜测试，以帮助我们了解定期锻炼如何降低老年人跌倒的可能性。我们希望确定最佳的运动处方，以改善健康，将伤害和不幸降至最低。为老年患者开出运动处方的主要责任是全科医生，他们必须了解最优运动处方，以最大限度地改善65-74岁女性的健康和功能能力。

The increasing number of older women in Australia presents a significant challenge to our health system. Preventative and health promotion strategies must be developed for this important group of Australian's if chronic disease and disability are to be contained and the decline in functional capacity attenuated. One potential intervention strategy is regular exercise. However, if exercise is to have multi-systems benefits, the dose of the exercise must be known. We do not know the exercise prescription that will maximize those health benefits required for this group of Australian's. We propose to resolve this situation via two related experiments involving women aged 65-74 yr. Experiment 1 will select moderate-intensity treadmill walking for 30 min-session with the weekly exercise frequency varied from 1 to 5 session-wk for 64 sessions. Experiment 2 will also select moderate-intensity treadmill walking with the total exercise time per week (120 min-wk) and the number of weeks of training (24 wk) fixed but varying the exercise duration per session (24 to 120 min-session) and the exercise frequency per week; 5 (x 24 min) to 1 (x 120 min) session-wk. Each subject will undergo lung function tests, body fat test, fitness tests and blood tests at selected time intervals throughout each experiment. A separate fitness test will be conducted on the subjects' leg muscle to help us understand what is happening directly in the muscle. We will also conduct a tilt test to help us understand how regular exercise might lessen the likelihood of 'falls' in older individuals. We expect to determine the optimum exercise prescription to improve health and minimize injury and misadventure. It is essential that GP's who have the main responsibility for prescribing exercise for their older patients, have access to knowledge on the optimum exercise prescription to maximize the beneficial changes in health and functional capacity in females aged 65-74 yr.