Examination of mechanisms (E-MECHANIC) of exercise-induced weight compensation

运动引起的体重补偿机制（E-MECHANIC）的检查

• 批准号: 8286977
• 负责人: Timothy Stephen Church
• 金额: $ 70.47万
• 依托单位: LSU PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8286977
• 关键词: Accounting; Age; Attitude; Basal metabolic rate; Behavior; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body Weight Changes; Body Weight decreased; Calories; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cessation of life; Chronic Disease; Control Groups; Coronary heart disease; Data; Diet; Dietary Intervention; Dose; Dyslipidemias; Eating; Eating Behavior; Energy Intake; Enrollment; Exercise; Failure; Female; Financial compensation; Food; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Hour; Hyperphagia; Hypertension; Individual; Inflammation; Intake; Intervention Studies; Label; Laboratories; Life; Literature; Macronutrients Nutrition; Measures; Mediating; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Participant; Phenotype; Physical activity; Randomized; Recommendation; Registries; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Factors; Stroke; Structure; Study Section; Testing; Time; Training; United States; Water; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; base; combat; diet and exercise; insight; male; prevent; primary outcome; programs; public health relevance; response; restraint; secondary outcome; sedentary; therapy development; tool; weight maintenance

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): High body weight is associated with increased risk for hypertension, dyslipidemia, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, stroke, and coronary heart disease. While exercise is commonly cited as an important tool for weight reduction, numerous studies have demonstrated that: 1) exercise training without a dietary intervention results in far less weight loss than expected given the expended calories and this is most evident when the exercise dose is large (e 60 minutes per day), and 2) the weight loss response to exercise is very heterogeneous. Nevertheless, most weight management guidelines recommend an hour or more a day of exercise both for promoting weight loss and preventing weight regain after loss. There is clearly a need to identify the mechanisms responsible for the failure of exercise to produce substantial weight loss in most but not all individuals, as having a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon is critical to developing strategies to counter it. The leading mechanisms include exercise-induced increases in energy intake, decreases in resting metabolic rate (adjusted for change in body mass), and decreases in non- exercise activity levels. The purpose of the E-MECHANIC Trial is to compare the effect of two doses of exercise on energy intake and body weight. The exercise doses will reflect current recommendations for: 1) general health (~800- 1000 kcal/week), and 2) weight loss and maintenance of weight loss (~2000 to 2500 kcal/week). The exercise groups will not be provided with a dietary intervention, and the study also includes a non-exercise control group. The primary outcome variables are energy intake and the discrepancy between expected weight loss and observed weight loss (Wt. Lossdif). Energy intake will be measured using two state-of-the-art methods: doubly labeled water and laboratory-based food intake tests. Energy intake was chosen as the primary outcome variable and the most likely compensatory mechanism that limits exercise-induced weight loss, but change in metabolism (resting metabolic rate adjusted for change in body composition) and activity levels (excluding structured exercise) will also be evaluated as possible compensatory mechanisms and secondary outcome variables. Lastly, in an effort to guide the development of interventions to combat compensation, we will behaviorally phenotype participants to characterize those who do and do not compensate by increasing energy intake. The results of the study will provide important information for health and weight loss recommendations, and identify ways to counter compensatory mechanisms that limit exercise-induced weight loss. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Excess body weight is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Exercise is recommended for weight reduction, yet exercise training without a dietary intervention results in far less weight loss than expected given the expended calories and this is most evident when the exercise dose is large (e 60 minutes per day). In addition, the weight loss response to exercise is very heterogeneous. There is a need to identify the mechanisms responsible for the failure of exercise to produce substantial weight loss in most but not all individuals, as having a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon is critical to developing strategies to counter it. The purpose of the proposed research is to identify the mechanisms responsible for the failure of exercise to promote the expected amount of weight loss. Specifically, the study will determine if exercise results in increased energy intake, decreased resting metabolic rate (adjusted for change in body mass), and/or decreased non-exercise activity levels, which compensate for the energy deficit caused by exercise and limit weight loss. The results of the study will provide important information for weight loss recommendations and the development of interventions to combat compensation.

描述（由申请人提供）：高体重与高血压、血脂异常、炎症、代谢综合征、中风和冠心病风险增加相关。虽然运动通常被认为是减肥的重要工具，但许多研究表明：1）没有饮食干预的运动训练导致的减肥效果远远低于预期的卡路里消耗，这在运动剂量大（每天60分钟）时最为明显，2）对运动的减肥反应非常异质。然而，大多数体重管理指南建议每天锻炼一小时或更长时间，以促进减肥和防止减肥后体重反弹。很明显，有必要确定导致大多数人（但不是所有人）运动未能产生实质性体重减轻的机制，因为更好地理解导致这一现象的机制对于制定应对策略至关重要。主要机制包括运动引起的能量摄入增加，静息代谢率降低，（根据体重变化调整）和非运动活动水平的降低。 E-MECHANIC试验的目的是比较两种运动剂量对能量摄入和体重的影响。运动剂量将反映当前的建议：1）一般健康（约800- 1000千卡/周），2）体重减轻和维持体重减轻（约2000 - 2500千卡/周）。运动组将不提供饮食干预，该研究还包括一个非运动对照组。主要结果变量是能量摄入和预期体重减轻与观察到的体重减轻之间的差异（Wt. Lossdif）。能量摄入将使用两种最先进的方法测量：双标记水和基于实验室的食物摄入测试。选择能量摄入作为主要结局变量和限制运动诱导的体重减轻的最可能的代偿机制，但代谢（针对身体组成变化调整的静息代谢率）和活动水平（不包括结构化运动）的变化也将作为可能的代偿机制和次要结局变量进行评价。最后，为了指导干预措施的发展，以打击补偿，我们将行为表型参与者的特点，谁做，不补偿增加能量摄入。研究结果将为健康和减肥建议提供重要信息，并确定对抗限制运动引起的体重减轻的补偿机制的方法。 公共卫生相关性：超重是心血管疾病的重要危险因素。建议运动减肥，但没有饮食干预的运动训练导致的体重减轻远远低于预期消耗的卡路里，这在运动剂量大（每天60分钟）时最为明显。此外，对运动的减肥反应是非常异质的。有必要确定的机制，负责失败的运动，以产生大量的体重减轻，在大多数但不是所有的人，有一个更好地了解负责这种现象的机制是至关重要的发展战略，以对付it. The拟议的研究的目的是要确定的机制，负责失败的运动，以促进预期量的体重减轻。具体而言，该研究将确定运动是否会导致能量摄入增加、静息代谢率降低（根据体重变化进行调整）和/或非运动活动水平降低，从而补偿运动引起的能量不足并限制体重减轻。这项研究的结果将为减肥建议和制定干预措施提供重要信息。