Understanding Vibration Injury

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，数以百万计的工人暴露在机械和电动工具的振动中。长时间暴露在过度的手传振动中，会导致血管、神经和肌肉骨骼的衰弱，通常是永久性的问题。我们的长期目标是在细胞和分子水平上了解振动损伤的机制，以便确定监测和预防手臂振动综合征的策略。这些研究有助于改善暴露在危险振动中的工人的健康、安全和福利。大鼠尾巴振动，急性和慢性振动病模型用于表征肌肉骨骼、血管和神经系统的原发病变、疾病进展和不可逆损伤。这4个目标是：1)证明振动的短期和长期影响涉及内皮细胞损失、平滑肌细胞的增殖和生长，这些影响进展到动脉血管腔阻塞，导致血流受阻，并确定特定细胞类型的损伤易感性是否依赖于频率和加速度；2)证明振动对周围神经产生进行性破坏；为了确定损伤易感性是否依赖于频率和加速度，3)将细胞类型特异性结构损伤与血清免疫测定和释放到血液中的神经、血管和骨骼肌细胞特异性蛋白质的酶活性测定相关联，并开发一种振动损伤的微创监测手段。4)在停止长期振动后1、2、3个月，血流严重受阻、神经传导抑制时，动脉和神经的结构状态。这些研究结果将进一步了解振动病的发病机制，并为新的监测、治疗和预防策略提供见解。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In America, millions of workers are exposed to vibration from machinery and powered tools. Prolonged exposure to excessive, hand transmitted vibration causes debilitating, often permanent, vascular, neural and musculoskeletal problems. Our long-term goal is to understand the mechanism of vibration injury at the cellular and molecular levels in order to define strategies for monitoring and preventing hand arm vibration syndrome. These studies help to improve the health, safety and welfare of workers exposed to hazardous vibration. A rat tail vibration, model of acute and chronic vibration disease is utilized for characterizing the primary lesion(s), disease progression and irreversible injury of the musculoskeletal, vascular and neural systems. The 4 aims are 1) to demonstrate that the short and long duration effects of vibration involve endothelial cell loss and the proliferation and in growth of smooth muscles cells, which progress to occlusion of the arterial blood vessel lumen resulting in impeded blood flow and to ascertain whether injury susceptibility of specific cell types is frequency and acceleration dependent, 2) to demonstrate that vibration produces progressive disruptions of peripheral nerves, which result in compromised nerve conduction and impaired retrograde axoplasmic transport and to ascertain whether injury susceptibility is frequency and acceleration dependent, 3) to correlate cell type specific, structural damage with serum immunoassays and enzyme activity assays of the amounts of neural, vascular and skeletal muscle cell specific, proteins released into the blood following vibration injury and to develop a means of minimally invasive monitoring of vibration injury, and 4) to characterize at 1, 2 and 3 months after stopping long term vibration, the structural states of arteries and nerves, when blood flow is severely obstructed and nerve conduction is depressed. The results of these studies will further the understanding of the pathogenesis of vibration disease and provide insights into novel monitoring, treatment and preventative strategies.