A New Analytical-Theoretical Method to Assess Past Changes in the Oxidising Capacity of Atmospheres

陆生植物是大气中挥发性有机化合物的最大排放者。这些化合物在运输到极地地区的过程中发生化学变化。确定冰芯中的转化产物可以提供关于过去大气如何对类似于目前变化的气候突变作出反应的信息，从而有助于了解全球不确定性。分析冰芯中的有机化合物是一个分析挑战，因为它们的浓度低，样品有限。在这个项目中，我们的目标是将质谱分析能力推向极限，以便首次对冰芯进行连续流动分析，逐渐融化，以确定档案中具有高时间分辨率的有机化合物。这种新的方法，一旦操作，可以应用于一系列的冰芯，但特别是对老冰芯有用，考虑到更深的段的紧凑分层，检索古气候信息，否则将丢失使用传统的方法。考虑到目标分析物在运输到极地地区的过程中在大气中被转化，将开发一个理论模型，结合反应性和全球运输，以推断目标分析物在其大气寿命期间与之反应的大气氧化剂的平均浓度。通过比较近年来氧化剂浓度的模型结果与直接测量结果，将对理论框架进行验证。

Terrestrial plants are the largest emitter of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere. These compounds undergo chemical transformations during their transport to polar regions. Determining the transformation products in ice cores could provide information on how the past atmosphere reacted to abrupt climate changes, analogous to the present changes, thus contributing to knowledge around global uncertainties. Analysing organic compounds in ice cores represents an analytical challenge due to their low concentrations and limited sample availability. In this project, we aim at pushing mass spectrometry capability to its limits to allow, for the first time, for a continuous flow analysis of ice cores, gradually melted in continuous, for the determination of organic compounds with high time resolution in the archive. This novel method, once operational, can be applied to a range of ice cores but is especially useful for older ice cores, given the compact stratification of deeper segments, to retrieve paleoclimatic information that would otherwise be lost using traditional methods. Given that the target analytes are being transformed in the atmosphere during their transport to polar regions, a theoretical model, combining reactivity and global transport, will be developed to infer average concentrations of the atmospheric oxidants with which the target analytes have reacted during their atmospheric lifetime. Validation of the theoretical framework will be done by comparing model results of oxidant concentrations with direct measurements available for recent years.