IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY/TRANSFUSION MEDICINE RESEARCH TRAINING

（申请人摘要） 我们建议建立一个NIH支持的研究培训计划， 免疫血液学和输血医学设计用于医学博士和医学博士/博士， 已完全完成这些学科的临床培训，以及 为他们提供工具，使他们成为富有成效的医生-科学家， 对基础科学和这些领域的转化研究的持久兴趣 调查领域相对不足。 我们相信这些 生物医学科学家应该在一个强调 基本的生物过程，同时提供连续的 对那些最先进的调查问题的说教式接触， 对于免疫细胞学和输血医学来说是相对独特的，例如， 输血诱导的免疫调节、细胞改变和凋亡 体外储存、细胞工程输血前、同种异体和自身免疫 循环细胞和血浆蛋白。 我们的跨学科和 多部门教师包括21名研究员（19名高级和2名初级， 包括医学博士、医学博士/博士和博士），他们有着长期的合作历史， 出版物、受训人员和赠款，其实验室经验丰富 同时培养博士后博士、博士后医学博士和 博士预科生 我们的教育理念是， 在这个程序中必须有他们的核心经验，在板凳上，他们 需要精心设计的培训和职业指导， 实习生委员会有点类似于博士论文委员会， 我们必须为他们提供持续的场所，让他们在一对一的基础上进行互动， 与其他国际公认的免疫血液学研究者 和输血的人。 在补助金发放的第一年 我们正在请求支持一个博士后职位， 每年支持2个博士后岗位。 我们希望MD学员 在获得K-奖之前，需要2-3年的培训 同等学历和MD/PhD 1-2年，其中一名新学员加入该计划 每年. 我们过去成功的培训经验完全一样 我们为这个T32提出的个人类型，但使用支持机制 除了T32（个人NRSA，来自基金会的研究奖学金， 等等）。 这些人都在学术生涯中取得了成功。 我们坚信，机构T32将提供一个显着的 加强、协调和正规化的培训经验， 临床科学家，并为这些人提供更顺畅的途径， 进入下一个独立层次，并最终组成下一个 一代临床科学家，他们可以弥合基础知识之间的差距 免疫血液学和输血的研究和临床需求。

(Applicant's Abstract) We propose to establish an NIH-supported research training program in Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine designed to take MDs and MD/PhDs, who have fully completed their clinical training in these disciplines, and provide them with the tools to become productive physician-scientists with an abiding interest in basic science and translational research in these relatively underrepresented investigative areas. We believe that these biomedical scientists should be trained in an environment that emphasizes basic biological processes and which simultaneously provides continuous didactic exposure to those state-of-the-art investigative issues which are relatively unique to immunohernatology and transfusion medicine, e.g., transfusion-induced immunomodulation, cellular alteration and apoptosis during ex vivo storage, cell engineering pretransfusion, and allo- and auto- immunity to circulating cells and plasma proteins. Our interdisciplinary and multi-departmental faculty include 21 investigators (19 senior and 2 junior, including MDs, MD/PhDs and PhDs) who have a long history of collaborative publications, trainees and grants and whose laboratories are very experienced in the simultaneous training of post-doctoral PhDs, post doctoral MDs and pre-doctoral PhD candidates. We have the educational philosophy that trainees in this program must have their core experience at the bench, that they require carefully crafted training and career guidance by an individualized trainee committee somewhat analogous to a pre-doctoral thesis committee, and that we must provide ongoing venues for them to interact on a one-to-one basis with additional internationally recognized investigator's in immunohematology and transfusion who are from other institutions. In the 1st year of the grant we are requesting support for one post-doctoral position and thereafter for support of 2 post-doctoral positions each year. We expect that MD trainees will require 2-3 years of training at this level before moving to a K-award equivalent and MD/PhDs 1-2 years with one new trainee added to the program each year. We have had past successful experience training exactly the same type of individuals we propose for this T32 but using mechanisms of support other than a T32 (individual NRSAs, research fellowships from foundations and the like). Those individuals have all gone on to successful academic careers. We believe strongly that an institutional T32 would provide a markedly enhanced, coordinated and formalized training experience for this type of clinician-scientist and provide a smoother pathway for these individuals to move to the next level of independence and eventually comprise the next generation of clinician-scientists who can bridge the gap between fundamental research and clinical need in immunohematology and transfusion.