NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND INJURY

超出提供的空间。本申请书寻求继续为华盛顿大学的两个培训方案提供资金，一个由神经内科和神经外科联合管理已有19年，另一个由儿科神经科管理已有8年。后者是神经科学学术发展奖，不能续签。我们寻求为选定的神经学、神经外科或儿科神经病学的受训者提供一个扩展研究培训计划，为学术生涯做准备。为了利用过去几年在翻译神经科学研究方面取得的进展，我们增加了培训计划对以患者为中心的研究的重视。因此，我们打算通过为受训人员提供在临床研究方法学方面获得严格教育的机会，来加强我们对长凳研究的历史重视。我们相信，临床神经学和神经外科的下一步进展将由将临床专业知识与这种方法的正规教育相结合的研究人员付诸实践/参加我们培训计划的受训者将在住院医师培训之外投入至少两年的近乎全职的努力来完成这项任务。这可能是培养受过科学训练的神经科或神经外科临床医生所需的最短时间，这些医生将对阐明神经系统疾病的发病机制和为患者带来新的治疗方法至关重要。尽管加快了神经科学研究的进展，但目前严重缺乏能够执行这些基本翻译功能的神经学或神经外科内科科学家或临床研究人员。事实上，美国神经学协会目前仅神经病学学术领域就列出了150多个空缺职位。在培训单元本身(神经学、神经外科和儿科神经病学)和华盛顿大学更大的神经科学社区内，利用现有的优势，拟议的计划将继续专注于两个主要主题：神经系统损伤和神经系统发展。这两个主题是当今与疾病相关的神经科学的活跃前沿，与理解许多不同神经疾病的发病机制有关。这些主题是互补的，也是部分重叠的。对发育中的神经系统的本质的洞察很可能与理解神经系统对损伤的反应有关。表演网站========================================Section End===========================================

EXCEED THE SPACE PROVIDED. The present application seeks continued funding for two training programs at Washington University, one that has been jointly administered by the Departmentsof Neurology and Neurological Surgery for the past 19 years, and another that has been administered by the Division of Pediatric Neurology for the past eight years. The latter, the Neurological Sciences Academic Development Award, cannot be renewed. We seek to provide a program of extended research training for selected trainees in Neurology, Neurosurgery, or Pediatric Neurology, preparing for academic careers. To take advantageof progress in translational neuroscience research over the last few years, we have increased the emphasis of our training program on patient-oriented research. We thus intend to augment our historical emphasis on bench research by offering our trainees the opportunity to gain a rigorous education in clinical research methodology. We believe that the next advances in clinical neurology and neurosurgery will be brought into practice by investigators who combine clinical expertise with formal education in this methodology/Trainees participating in our training program will be expected to devoteat least two years of near full-time effort beyond residency training to the task. This is likely the minimum period necessary to develop the scientifically-trained neurological or neurosurgical clinicians who will be essential for elucidating the pathogenesis of nervous system diseases, and bringing new therapies to patients. Despite accelerating neuroscience research advances, there is presently a serious shortage of neurological or neurosurgical physician-scientists or clinical researchers capable of performing these essential translational functions. Indeed, the American Neurological Association currently lists over 150 open positions in academic neurology alone. Exploiting current strengths, both within the training units themselves (Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Pediatric Neurology), and within the larger neuroscience community at Washington University, the proposed program will continue to focus on two major themes: Nervous System Injury, and Nervous System Development. These twin themes are active fronts in disease-related neuroscience today, relevant to understanding the pathogenesis of many different neurological diseases. These themes are complementary, as well as partially overlapping. Insights gained into the nature of the developing nervous system are highly likely to be relevant to understanding nervous system responses to injury. PERFORMANCE SITE ========================================Section End===========================================