Exploring the Skin Microbiome's response to UV light and investigating whether this response alters in the presence of UV filters

紫外线对我们的皮肤有很大的影响，这在整个文献中都有很好的描述和记录。这一领域的大多数可用数据都集中在紫外线对皮肤表皮和真皮的破坏作用上。通常，在皮肤护理研究中，焦点一直是这些传统的皮肤层;表皮、真皮和皮下组织。然而，在过去的几年里，有一个新的感兴趣的领域在个人护理行业中获得了极大的关注;皮肤微生物组。皮肤微生物组是我们皮肤表面上的多样性微生物生态系统，因此驻留在这种环境中的微生物是在照射皮肤时首先接触紫外线的微生物。因此，了解紫外线如何影响这些微生物是非常重要的，无论是有利的，不利的还是中性的。越来越多的证据表明，健康的微生物组对于健康的皮肤至关重要，因此了解紫外线对这个生态系统的影响以及我们如何提供和实施保护机制具有重要意义。因此，该项目的目的是首先了解紫外线（UVA和UVB）以及潜在的红外线和可见光对皮肤微生物组的影响。第二个目标是研究紫外线过滤剂（无机和有机过滤剂）是否以及如何改变紫外线对皮肤微生物组的影响。在第二个目标中需要回答的问题包括但不限于以下问题：-无机和有机过滤器是否对皮肤微生物组显示出任何保护作用，以抵抗UVA和/或UVB光？-这些过滤器是否选择性地保护微生物群落中的某些微生物而不是其他微生物？这些是病原微生物还是微生物？这些过滤器是否会导致皮肤微生物组平衡的变化，即微生物多样性或微生物密度是否会增加/减少/公平？在没有紫外线的情况下，这些无机和有机过滤剂对皮肤微生物组是否具有有益的、不利的或中性的影响，即，无论它们在微生物紫外线防护中可能具有任何有益的影响，化学物质本身是否对皮肤微生物组有害或有益？红外线是否会影响皮肤微生物组，如果是，红外滤光片是否能够保护皮肤免受这些对微生物的影响？这项研究将大大有助于提高我们对防晒保护的理解，因为迄今为止的研究一直集中在紫外线对传统皮肤层的影响上。这种对紫外线对皮肤微生物组影响的关注将使我们能够了解并因此开发合适的防晒产品，以保护这一重要的生态系统，该生态系统已被证明是我们皮肤健康不可或缺的一部分。该项目在DTP主题世界级的基础生物科学中占有一席之地，因为它将巩固我们对防晒霜等日常产品如何与皮肤微生物组相互作用的理解。迄今为止，在这方面没有任何数据。这项研究也符合BBSRC的战略研究重点“健康生物科学”和“综合微生物组研究”，它将提高我们对防晒霜对微生物组的理解。

UV light has a substantial effect on our skin which has been characterised well and documented throughout literature. Most of the available data in this area focusses on the damaging effects of UV light on the epidermis and dermis of the skin. Generally, in skin care research the focus has always been on these traditional skin layers; the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. However, over the past few years there has been a new area of interest which has gained significant attention in the personal care industry; the skin microbiome. The skin microbiome is the diverse microbial ecosystem on our skin surface and therefore the microorganisms that reside in this environment are the very first to come in to contact with UV light when striking the skin. It is therefore of utmost importance to understand how UV light impacts these microbes whether beneficially, adversely or neutrally. There is a continual increase in evidence to highlight the importance of a healthy microbiome in order to have healthy skin therefore understanding the impact of UV on this ecosystem and how we can provide and implement protection mechanisms is of substantial interest. The aim of this project is therefore to firstly understand the impact of UV light (UVA and UVB) and potentially infra-red and visible light on the skin microbiome. The second aim is to investigate if and how UV filters (both inorganic and organic filters) can alter the effects of UV light on the skin microbiome. Questions to be answered within this second aim include but are not limited to the following;- Do inorganic and organic filters show any protective effects for the skin microbiome against UVA and/or UVB light?- Do these filters selectively protect some microorganisms and not others within the microbial community? Are these commensal or pathogenic microorganisms?- Do these filters lead to a change in the skin microbiome balance i.e. is there an increase/decrease/impartial effect in microbial diversity or microbial density?- In the absence of UV light, do these inorganic and organic filters have a beneficial, adverse or neutral effect on the skin microbiome i.e. regardless of any beneficial effect they may have in microbial UV protection, do the chemistries themselves harm or benefit the skin microbiome?- Does IR light influence the skin microbiome, and if so, are IR filters able to protect against these effects on the microorganisms?This research would significantly contribute towards enhancing our understanding in sun care protection as research to date has been focussed on UV effects on the traditional skin layers. This focus on UV effects on the skin microbiome will allow us to understand and therefore develop suitable sun care products to protect this significant ecosystem which has been shown to be integral to our skin health.. The project sits well within the DTP theme of World class underpinning biosciences as it will firther our understanding of how everyday products like sunscreens interact with the skins microbiome. To date no data is available in this area. The study is also aligned with the BBSRC's strategic research priority 'Bioscience for health' and ' integrative microbiome research' and it will improve our understanding of sunscreens on our microbiome.