Elderspeak: Impact on Dementia Care

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是探讨老年痴呆症长期护理居民在护理人员使用老年人语言时的反应，老年人语言是一种类似于婴儿语言的语言，已知对认知完整的老年人有负面影响。 老年人语言的特点是简单的词汇，短句，缓慢的讲话，提高音调和音量，以及不适当的亲密引用，并广泛使用的护理人员在长期护理设置。 研究表明，认知完整的老年人认为老年人的话是居高临下的，老年人的话可以在工作人员与居民的互动中加速沟通障碍，并导致问题行为，如对护理的不尊重。 对护理的抗拒（例如退缩、攻击、徘徊）会扰乱护理活动，增加提供护理的时间和压力。 指导本研究的基于需求的痴呆症妥协行为模型将沟通确定为痴呆症护理中问题行为的一个因素。 然而，还没有发现任何研究可以确定老年人的语言交流如何影响老年痴呆症患者。 本研究旨在探讨护理人员在日常护理活动中使用长者语对居民行为的影响。 本研究提出一个探索性的设计，使用心理语言学的分析，探讨护理人员使用老年人的话和照顾者与痴呆症的抵抗行为之间的关系。 实验方法包括收集和分析护理人员和居民的日常生活活动中的长期护理设置互动的视频记录。 持续1-10分钟（N=60）的护理人员和护理接受者之间的互动将被编码为护理和老年人使用有效和可靠的措施标记的敏感性。 对照顾的抵抗力得分将回归老年人说话的频率。 编码的顺序工作人员的老年人说话和随后的居民的抵抗行为将被报告，以描述时间关系。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this study is to explore how long term care residents with dementia respond when nursing staff use elderspeak, a type of speech similar to babytalk, which has known negative effects on cognitively intact older adults. Elderspeak features simplistic vocabulary, short sentences, slow speech, elevated pitch and volume, and inappropriately intimate references and is extensively used by nursing staff in long-term care settings. Research has shown that cognitively intact older adults perceive elderspeak as patronizing and that elderspeak can precipitate communication breakdown in staff-resident interactions and contribute to problem behaviors such as resistiveness to nursing care. Resistiveness to care (e.g. withdrawal, aggression, wandering) disrupts care activities and increases the time and stress of providing nursing care. The Need-Based Dementia-Compromised Behavior Model that guides this study identifies communication as a factor in problem behaviors in dementia care. However, no research has been found that determines how elderspeak communication, specifically, affects older adults with dementia. The specific aims of the proposed study are to determine the impact of nursing staff use of elderspeak on resident behavior during activities of daily care. This study proposes an exploratory design that uses psycholinguistic analysis to examine relationships between nursing staff use of elderspeak and resistive behaviors of care recipients with dementia. Experimental methods include the collection and analysis of video recordings of nursing staff and resident interactions during activities of daily living in long term care settings. Interactions between nursing staff-care recipient dyads lasting from 1-10 minutes (N=60) will be coded for resistiveness to care and elderspeak markers using valid and reliable measures. Resistiveness to care scores will be regresses on frequencies of elderspeak. Coding of the sequence of staff elderspeak and subsequent resident resistive behaviors will be reported to describe temporal relationships.