Generation 'post-'? (Post-)Migration, Memory and Jewishness in German-language Third-Generation Literature

当代德语犹太文学被描述为正在经历重大变化，特别是在最新一代作家中，他们中的大多数来自东欧背景。这些作家协商了多种文化和语言背景，并在记忆、身份和归属感的背景下提出了新的问题。然而，由于主要关注大屠杀和创伤的代际传递，到目前为止，这些新问题的出现在德国犹太研究中相对较少受到关注。我的研究探索了这些作家协商多元从属关系的方式，以及当代德语犹太文学在多大程度上可以被视为跨国文学。此外，我的目的是探索跨国倾向与新发展的社会和学术话语后移民之间的关系。移民或移民的经历、视角和做法如何重新配置或共同配置较新的德裔犹太人或奥地利犹太人的概念化和身份和归属感的经验，这一问题在学术界才刚刚开始探索。我的目标是通过研究第三代作者的文本来为这一讨论做出贡献。“移徙后”一词已成为建立理论的场所，这意味着一种面向未来的新视角，将移徙定位为社会的中心而不是边缘，并提供了一种规范性的政治愿景。我打算不仅在文本对归属概念的描述和反思的背景下，而且还提供一个思考大屠杀记忆的创新框架，来审查作为一个战略术语的‘后移民’的潜力。为了描述后代与那些直接受到大屠杀影响的人的创伤过去的关系，Marianne Hirsch创造了“后记忆”一词。虽然这一概念一直是大屠杀记忆的流行框架之一，但似乎值得在当前社会文化发展的背景下重新思考大屠杀记忆，从而重新评估第三代人的“记忆后状态”。我的目标是探索后移民视角如何有助于挑战后记忆的某些概念--特别是后记忆的“传染范式”。移民后更广泛的关注点从二元差异、主体的具体经历以及与社会的更广泛的代际联系，可能提供了一种有用的方法，将大屠杀记忆转移到未来，并探索“适应彼此共鸣的多样化历史”的记忆方式。我对课文中的反身性倾向特别感兴趣。这种从个人角度到话语角度的转变可能表明，焦点从过去的具体事件转移到了现在。此外，通过对文本主题的仔细阅读，我的目的是考察这些作家是否在其多重从属关系的背景下讨论了新的主体性和共同体形式。通过我的研究，我的目标是解决当代德语犹太人写作中围绕身份和记忆问题的更广泛的问题。此外，我的目标是将德语犹太文字与跨国籍的表现更系统地结合在一起，从而在当前政治、文化和社会发展的背景下，为德语犹太文学的重新构建做出贡献。我打算探索这一代作家在多大程度上和通过什么方式为德国和奥地利记忆景观的转变做出贡献；考察对犹太性的哪些理解被反映出来；并询问这些文本中描绘的归属感和记忆概念是否表达了向后移民未来的转变。

Contemporary German-language Jewish literature has been described as undergoing significant changes, especially amongst the latest generation of writers, a majority of whom come from Eastern European backgrounds. These writers negotiate multiple cultural and linguistic affiliations and raise new issues in the context of memory, identity and belonging. Due to the dominant focus on the Holocaust and the intergenerational transmission of trauma, however, the emergence of these new issues has received relatively little attention in German-Jewish studies to this date. My research explores the ways these writers negotiate pluralistic affiliations and to what extent contemporary German-language Jewish literature can be considered as transnational literature. Furthermore, I aim to explore the relationship between transnational tendencies and the newly evolved societal and academic discourse of 'postmigration'. The question of how migrant or migrantized experiences, perspectives, and practices might reconfigure or co-configure newer German-Jewish or Austrian-Jewish conceptualizations and experiences of identity and belonging is only beginning to be explored in the academic sphere. I aim to contribute to this discussion by examining texts by third-generation authors. The term 'postmigration' has become a site of theory-building which implies a new future-orientated perspective that positions migration as central rather than marginal to society and provides a normative political vision. I intend to examine the potential of 'postmigration' as a strategic term not only in the context of the texts' depictions of and reflections on notions of belonging, but also to provide an innovative framework to think about Holocaust memory. To describe the relationship of succeeding generations to the traumatic past of those directly impacted by the Holocaust, Marianne Hirsch coined the term 'postmemory'. Whereas this concept has been one of the prevalent frameworks of Holocaust memory, it seems worthwhile to rethink Holocaust memory in the context of current socio-cultural developments and thereby reassess the third generation's 'postmemory-status'. I aim to explore how a postmigrant perspective might help to challenge certain notions of postmemory - particularly postmemory's 'contagion paradigm'. Postmigration's broader focus which shifts away from binary differences, the subject's concrete experiences and generational connection to society more generally, might provide a useful approach to move Holocaust memory towards futurity and explore ways of remembrance that 'accommodate a diversity of histories that resonate with each other'. I am particularly interested in reflexive tendencies in the texts. Such a shift from a personal to a discursive perspective may indicate a shift in focus away from concrete events of the past to the present. Furthermore, conducting a close reading of the texts' motifs, I aim to examine whether these writers discuss new forms of subjectivity and community in the context of their multiple affiliations. Through my research, I aim to address broader questions surrounding matters of identity and memory in contemporary German-language Jewish writing. Furthermore, I aim to bring German-language Jewish writing together more systematically with manifestations of transnationality and thereby contribute to a reframing of German-language Jewish literature in the context of current political, cultural and social developments. I intend to explore to what extent and by what means this generation of authors contribute to the transformation of the memory-scape in Germany and Austria; examine which understandings of Jewishness are being reflected; and ask whether the notions of belonging and memory depicted in these texts express a shift towards a postmigrant futurity.