TRAINING AND RESEARCH ON SEVERE MALARIAL ANEMIA

在这一申请中，我们提议与肯尼亚内罗毕的肯雅塔大学建立强有力的联盟，建立匹兹堡大学国际疟疾培训和研究项目（IMTRP），研究儿童严重疟疾贫血（SMA）。这个项目的目标是培训在肯尼亚独立运作的当地科学家，以应对SMA给肯尼亚人民带来的巨大发病率和死亡率。匹兹堡大学公共卫生研究生院和肯雅塔大学补充医学和生物技术中心的一流培训和有利环境，包括我们与肯尼亚主要机构和研究人员的牢固合作关系，将有助于实现这一目标。在这个为期4年的培养项目中，我们拟在匹兹堡大学培养1名博士后和2名博士生。实地研究将在肯尼亚Kisuma进行，这是肯尼亚西部疟疾传播的全面流行地区。在这一地区，复杂疟疾的主要表现是严重疟疾性贫血，发病率最高，主要发生在两岁以下儿童中。此外，一笔再入境资助将被纳入该项目，使肯尼亚科学家能够在CCMB建立/升级实验室基础设施，并为其中的研究活动做出贡献。在项目的第一年和第三年，我们将举办为期三周的传染病控制短期强化培训课程，包括免疫学、遗传学、血液学、流行病学和生物统计学。该课程将在肯雅塔大学举行，由来自肯尼亚和美国的研究人员授课。我们组建的整个项目将确保匹兹堡大学IMTRP项目的所有参与者都能接受强有力的教学培训，重点是了解SMA发病机制和有效控制和管理所需的最重要主题。

In this application, we propose to establish the University of Pittsburgh International Malaria Training and Research Program (IMTRP) by forging a strong alliance with Kenyatta University in Nairobi, Kenya, to study severe malaria anemia (SMA) in children. The objective of this program is to train local scientists that operate independently within Kenya to face the overwhelming morbidity and mortality placed on the Kenya people by SMA. The superb training and enabling environment at the University of Pittsburgh in the Graduate School of Public Health and Kenyatta University at the Centre for Complementary Medicine and Biotechnology (CCMB), respectively, including our strong collaborative ties with key institutions and researchers in Kenya, will facilitate the accomplishment of this goal. Over the course of this 4 year training program, we propose to train one postdoctoral fellow and two doctoral students at the University of Pittsburgh. The field-research will take place in Kisuma, Kenya, a holoendemic area of malaria transmission in western Kenya. In this area, the primary presentation of complicated malaria is severe malarial anemia with the highest frequency predominating in children under two years of age. In addition, a re-entry grant will be incorporated into the program to enable Kenyan scientist(s) to set-up/upgrade laboratory infrastructure at the CCMB and contribute to research activities therein. In years 1 and 3 of the project, we shall hold a three-week short-term intensive training course on infectious disease control including Immunology, Genetics, Hermatology, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics. The course will be held at Kenyatta University and will be taught by researchers from Kenya and the US. The overall project we have assembled, will ensure that all participants in the University of Pittsburgh IMTRP program receive strong didactic training focusing on the most important themes requisite in the understanding of the pathogenesis and effective control and management of SMA.