Rapid information integration in support of situational awareness and spatial behaviour

情境意识和空间行为高度依赖于感知到的环境刺激的可靠性，以及对环境的任何先入为主的观念或期望（例如心理地图）。正在开发机器人、无人机或穿戴式地形扫描技术（例如激光雷达），以帮助人类在黑暗/烟雾/污染环境中应对安全关键的紧急情况。该项目旨在(1)了解人类（包括应急服务人员）如何结合来自感知、记忆和技术来源的信息来产生态势感知，从而(2)支持空间行为。紧急服务人员（例如消防员）现在可以获得地形信息，或在进入建筑物之前形成对建筑物内部布局的预期。他们可能没有多少时间来建立信任或建立这种“先验”的可靠性，他们的呼吸器在进入烟雾弥漫的建筑物后最多只能持续20分钟。在这样的压力下，人类的恢复力依赖于完善的标准操作程序和实践，以保护他们免受记忆和感知信息冲突的影响。该项目旨在确定空间信息退化的程度、所提供的先前信息的数量/可靠性/复杂性以及对新信息的实时访问如何影响空间行为。随着支持事故指挥和消防人员的新辅助技术的出现，如何在不进一步增加消防员认知负荷的情况下有效地传达新的、潜在复杂的信息？

Situational awareness and spatial behaviour are highly dependent on the reliability of perceived environmental stimuli and on any pre-conceptions or expectations (e.g. mental maps) about the environment. Robots, drones or body-worn topography-scanning technologies (e.g. LIDAR) are being developed to assist humans in safety-critical emergency situations in dark/smoky/contaminated environments. This project aims to (1) understand how humans (including those in the emergency services) combine information from perception, memory and technological sources to engender situational awareness, and thereby (2) support spatial behaviour.Members of the emergency services (e.g., firefighters) can now be provided topographical information or form an expectation of a building's internal layout prior to entering it. They may have had little time to build trust in or establish the reliability of such 'priors' and their breathing apparatus duration is at most 20 minutes after they enter a smoke-filled building. Under such pressures, human resilience relies on refined standard operating procedures and practices to safeguard them against conflicting recalled and perceived information. The project aims to establish how the degrees of spatial information degradation, the amount/reliability/complexity of prior information provided, and live access to new information, contribute to spatial behaviour. As new assistive technologies emerge in support of incident command and fire crews, how can new, potentially complex information be effectively communicated without further increasing a firefighter's cognitive load?