Development of battery-supercapacitor management systems for electric vehicles

使用低碳电力的电动汽车（EV）是交通运输部门脱碳的重要资产。目前，包括特斯拉和日产在内的大多数电池电动汽车都使用锂离子（Li-ion）电池作为能源。锂离子电池具有高能量和功率容量，并在电动汽车市场上取得了商业成功。然而，锂离子电池在深度和快速放电过程中会遭受严重的电池退化。个体的驾驶行为直接影响电动汽车的能量释放。为了延长锂离子电池的使用寿命并实现最佳运行，超级电容器还可以作为具有快速放电特性和高功率密度的额外能源。对于电动汽车，电池管理系统确保可充电电池在安全操作区域内以最高效率运行。该研究项目旨在研究由锂离子电池和超级电容器组成的电动汽车混合储能系统的技术和经济可行性。该系统及其组件将被建模，以评估不同驱动循环下储能系统的电气和热性能。本课题的研究目标包括：开发电池-超级电容器管理系统，实现电动汽车锂离子电池和超级电容器的最佳运行。确定电池-超级电容器系统能量和功率容量的最佳尺寸。研究具有电池-超级电容器管理系统的电力驱动系统（例如，电源转换器）。通过硬件在环和软件在环的研究来验证系统。研究混合储能系统在电动汽车上的技术经济可行性。

Electric vehicles (EV) consuming low-carbon electricity are important assets to decarbonise the transport sector. Currently, most battery electric vehicles including Tesla and Nissan use lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries as the energy source. Li-ion batteries have high energy and power capacities and have found commercial success in the EV markets. However, Li-ion batteries suffer from significant cell degradation during deep and rapid discharge. The driving behaviour of individuals directly influences the energy discharged from the EV. To prolong Li-ion batteries lifetime and for optimal operation, supercapacitors can also be an additional energy source with rapid discharge characteristic and high power density. For EVs, the battery management system ensures that the rechargeable battery operates within the safe operating region and also with maximum efficiency.This research project aims to study the technical and economic viability of a hybrid energy storage system for EVs comprising of Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors. The system and its components will be modelled to evaluate the energy storage system's electrical and thermal performances under different driving cycles. The objectives of this research project include:To develop a battery-supercapacitor management system for the optimal operation of Li-ion battery and supercapacitor in EVs. To determine the optimal sizing of energy and power capacities for the battery-supercapacitor system. To investigate the electrical drive system (e.g., power converters) with battery-supercapacitor management systems. To validate the system with hardware-in-the-loop and software-in-the-loop studies.To investigate the techno-economic viability of the hybrid energy storage system in EVs.