'With Courage and Energy': Military masculinities and Civilian Transitions in the British Corps of Commissionaires, 1859-1914

这项研究的对象是专员军团，这是一个成立于1859年的组织，致力于确保英国退役军人——无论是健全的还是残疾的——在离开军队后找到文职工作；研究的时间焦点是1859年至1914年。军团以准军事路线运作，这严重影响了它的组织特性。通过采用r.w.康奈尔（R.W.Connell）的男性霸权概念，结合组织分析，本研究将研究军团男性化身份的起源，如何在其雇员，专员的身体中保持这种身份，以及如何将其提升到男性的潜在雇主。此外，它还将分析这些因素可能如何影响专员的专业和个人轨迹。通过坐在军事、商业和社会历史的交叉点上，这项研究将为围绕英国退役军人经历的学术研究以及19世纪和20世纪初英国男子气概的学术研究开辟新的探索领域。这将通过三种方式实现。首先，本研究的时间跨度将有助于了解战争带来的退役军人观念的改变是否决定了军团及其专员的命运。第二，在分析健全和残疾退役军人的经历时，它将审查在主流- -即非康复- -工作场所内就业在塑造他们的男性身份方面所起的作用。第三，它将调查男性化的组织身份与商业实践之间的联系。

The subject of this study is the Corps of Commissionaires, an organisation founded in 1859, and which was devoted to securing civil employment for British ex-servicemen - both able-bodied and disabled- on their leaving the military; the temporal focus of the study is 1859-1914. The Corps operated on quasi-military lines which critically influenced its organisational identity. Through adopting an approach informed by R.W.Connell's concept of hegemonic masculinity, along with organisational analysis, this study will examine the genesis of the Corps' masculinised identity, how this was maintained within the body of its employees, the commissionaires, and how it was promoted to the men's potential employers. In addition, it will analyse how these factors might have influenced the professional and personal trajectories of the commissionaires. Through sitting at the intersection between military, business and social history, this study will open up new areas of enquiry in the scholarship surrounding the experiences of British ex-servicemen, as well as scholarship that deals with British masculinity in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. This will be achieved in three ways. First, the time period of this study will allow for an understanding of whether changing conceptions of ex-servicemen, brought about through war, determined the fortunes of the Corps and its commissionaires. Second, in analysing the experiences of able-bodied and disabled ex-servicemen, it will examine the role played by employment within the mainstream - i.e.: non-rehabilitative- workplace, in configuring their masculine identities. Third, it will investigate the connections between masculinised organisational identity and business practices.