The cognitive neuroscience of body knowledge

描述（由申请人提供）：运动控制系统的目标是将效应器引导到目标，这是一项要求系统管理动作目标、运动命令和感觉反馈之间关系的任务。这是一个复杂的过程，人们对它的了解仍然很少。基于最近的运动控制的帐户，以及我们的工作，到目前为止，我们提出了一系列的调查，在神经功能障碍的患者，将测试特定的假设，关于动作和心理运动意象的感觉和运动信息的相互作用。为了促进我们对运动计划和反馈在动作发生中的关系的理解，我们提出了以下建议：（1）进行一系列的调查，这些调查的动机是对运动控制的解释，其中包括运动计划的内部模型和反馈的多种机制。(2)通过研究轮廓清晰的局灶性脑损伤受试者，探讨运动控制和反馈系统组成部分的解剖学基础。(3)研究感觉信息在运动控制中的作用，以及神经系统通过研究继发于周围神经系统病变的“传入阻滞”患者来适应这种信息丢失的机制。本研究具有重要的理论和临床意义。从理论的角度来看，这些研究应该提供重要的见解的认知架构的身体表征和运动控制系统及其潜在的解剖基础。由于对局灶性病变患者的运动控制系统的系统探索很少，这些数据将补充和扩展其他研究领域的结果。这项工作的潜在临床意义也是显而易见的。运动缺陷是神经损伤的常见且经常致残的后果。了解运动控制和身体图式的大脑基础可能会大大有助于针对这些表征的干预措施的发展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of motor control systems is to direct an effecter to a target, a task that requires the system to manage the relationships between the goal of the action, motor commands and sensory feedback. This is a complex process that remains poorly understood. Based on recent accounts of motor control as well as our work to date, we propose a series of investigations in patients with neurologic dysfunction that will test specific hypotheses regarding the interaction of sensory and motor information in action and mental motor imagery. In service of the general goal of advancing our understanding of the relationship between motor plans and feedback in the genesis of action we propose the following: (1) To perform a series of investigations motivated by an account of motor control that incorporates internal models for motor planning and multiple mechanisms for feedback. (2) To investigate the anatomic bases of the components of the motor control and feedback systems by studying subjects with well-delineated focal brain lesions. (3) To investigate the role of sensory information in motor control and the mechanism by which the nervous system adapts to the loss of this information by studying patients with "deafferentation" secondary to peripheral nervous system lesions. The proposed investigations have both theoretical and clinical significance. From a theoretical standpoint, these studies should offer important insights into the cognitive architecture of body representations and motor control systems and their underlying anatomic bases. As there has been little systematic exploration of the motor control system in patients with focal lesions, these data will complement and extend results from other research domains. The potential clinical significance of this work is also clear. Motor deficits are a common and often disabling consequence of neural injury. Understanding the cerebral basis of motor control and the body schema is likely to contribute substantially to the development of interventions that target these representations.